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. 2020 Nov 24;10:20482. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-77621-x

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Alpha lipoic acid (ALA) induces the endogenous expression of DNAJB3 in C2C12 and HepG2 cells. (A) RT-PCR data showing the effect of 0.3 mM ALA for 24 h on the expression of representative components of the heat shock response in C2C12 cells. (B) Dose and time effects of ALA on the expression of DNAJB3 mRNA in C2C12 cells. Western blots confirming the positive effect of 24 h treatment with ALA on the expression of DNAJB3 (C) and HSP72 (D) proteins in C2C12 cells. Full-length blots are displayed in Supplementary Fig. S1. (E) ALA at 0.3 mM for 24 h also increases the expression of DNAJB3 mRNA in HepG2 cells. Ethanol was used at 0.25% as a vehicle. After performing Shapiro–Wilk normality test, t test was used to compare the difference between ALA and vehicle. NS not significant; *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001.