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. 2020 Nov 25;51:142. doi: 10.1186/s13567-020-00858-x

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Expression of immune-related genes and 16S rRNA in carp tissue after bacterial challenge with A. salmonicida. IL-1βl—interleukin 1β (A), iNOS—inducible nitric oxide synthase (B). Quantification of A. salmonicida in tissues using 16S rRNA gene expression (C) (n = 6). The results are presented as normalized copies per 100 000 copies of reference genes 40S ribosomal protein S11 and elongation factor 1 alpha. The bars represent means ± standard deviation. Stars indicate significant differences between the control and treated group (A, B) while different letters indicate differences between tissues (C).