Table 2. List of annotated genes in the chloroplast genomes of A. moschatus, A. manihot, A. sagittifolius and A. esculentus.
| Category | Gene group | Gene name |
|---|---|---|
| Photosynthesis | Subunits of photosystem I (5) | psaA, psaB, psaC, psaI, psaJ |
| Subunits of photosystem II (15) | psbA, psbB, psbC, psbD, psbE, psbF, psbH, psbI, psbJ, psbK, psbL, psbM, psbN, psbT, psbZ | |
| Subunits of NADH dehydrogenase (12) | ndhA*, ndhB*(×2), ndhC, ndhD, ndhE, ndhF, ndhG, ndhH, ndhI, ndhJ, ndhK | |
| Subunits of cytochrome b/f complex (6) | petA, petB*, petD*, petG, petL, petN | |
| Subunits of ATP synthase (6) | atpA, atpB, atpE, atpF*, atpH, atpI | |
| Large subunit of rubisco (1) | rbcL | |
| Self-replication | Proteins of large ribosomal subunit (12) | rpl14, rpl16*, rpl2*(×2), rpl20, rpl22(×2), rpl23(×2), rpl32, rpl33, rpl36 |
| Proteins of small ribosomal subunit (16) | rps11, rps12**(×2), rps14, rps15, rps16*, rps18, rps19(×2), rps2, rps3(×2), rps4, rps7(×2), rps8 | |
| Subunits of RNA polymerase (4) | rpoA, rpoB, rpoC1*, rpoC2 | |
| Ribosomal RNAs (8) | rrn16(×2), rrn23(×2), rrn4.5(×2), rrn5(×2) | |
| Transfer RNAs (37) | trnA-UGC*(×2), trnC-GCA, trnD-GUC, trnE-UUC, trnF-GAA, trnG-GCC, trnG-UCC*, trnH-GUG, trnI-CAU(×2), trnI-GAU*(×2), trnK-UUU*, trnL-CAA(×2), trnL-UAA*, trnL-UAG, trnM-CAU, trnN-GUU(×2), trnP-UGG, trnQ-UUG, trnR-ACG(×2), trnR-UCU, trnS-GCU, trnS-GGA, trnS-UGA, trnT-GGU, trnT-UGU, trnV-GAC(×2), trnV-UAC*, trnW-CCA, trnY-GUA, trnfM-CAU | |
| Other genes | Maturase (1) | matK |
| Protease (1) | clpP** | |
| Envelope membrane protein (1) | cemA | |
| Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (1) | accD | |
| c-type cytochrome synthesis gene (1) | ccsA | |
| unknown function | Conserved hypothetical chloroplast ORF (5) | ycf1, ycf2(×2), ycf3**, ycf4 |
Gene*: Gene with one intron; Gene**: Gene with two introns; Gene (×2): Number of copies of multi-copy gene.