Table 5.
Acute hypoxia experiment hemodynamics.
| AR & NOS Blockade | P-value | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Hypoxia | + | ++ | +++ | ++++ | Interaction | Time | Group | |
| Fetal arterial pressure (mmHg) | |||||||||
| Control | 43.8 ± 2.9† | 48.8 ± 5.8 | 52.1 ± 6.7 | 53.3 ± 6.2 | 51.5 ± 5.0 | 53.5 ± 5.3† | NS | <0.0001 | NS |
| IGF-1 | 42.9 ± 2.9† | 46.5 ± 5.8 | 47.4 ± 6.6 | 50.0 ± 10.3 | 49.7 ± 7.6 | 51.3 ± 6.9† | |||
| Fetal venous pressure (mmHg) | |||||||||
| Control | 2.4 ± 2.0 | 2.6 ± 2.2 | 2.7 ± 2.2 | 2.8 ± 2.2 | 1.9 ± 1.8† | 1.4 ± 0.9† | NS | 0.009 | NS |
| IGF-1 | 3.4 ± 1.1 | 3.5 ± 1.1 | 2.6 ± 0.8 | 2.6 ± 1.0 | 2.6 ± 1.2† | 1.9 ± 0.7† | |||
| Fetal heart rate (beats min−1) | |||||||||
| Control | 166 ± 22 | 173 ± 17 | 180 ± 28 | 192 ± 31 | 196 ± 29 | 192 ± 23 | NS | 0.022 | NS 0.086 |
| IGF-1 | 191 ± 23 | 204 ± 14 | 200 ± 23 | 203 ± 23 | 207 ± 29 | 195 ± 31 | |||
| Fetal circumflex coronary flow (mL min−1) | |||||||||
| Control | 10.0 ± 3.8† | 30.5 ± 12.3 | 27.6 ± 9.9† | 22.6 ± 9.8† | 21.5 ± 9.8† | 17.1 ± 5.9† | NS | <0.0001 | 0.035 |
| IGF-1 | 27.2 ± 16.8† | 43.5 ± 18.4 | 39.6 ± 15.5† | 36.8 ± 18.4† | 35.4 ± 21.0† | 34.8 ± 24.3† | |||
| Fetal circumflex coronary flow per myocardial mass (mL min−1 g−1) | |||||||||
| Control | 1.9 ± 0.9† | 5.9 ± 2.8 | 5.3 ± 2.1† | 4.4 ± 2.3† | 4.1 ± 2.4† | 3.2 ± 1.4† | NS | <0.0001 | NS |
| IGF-1 | 3.6 ± 1.8† | 6.7 ± 1.7 | 5.9 ± 1.3† | 5.3 ± 1.6† | 4.8 ± 1.9† | 4.5 ± 2.2† | |||
Not significant (NS). Control n=10, except last timepoint n=9; IGF-1 n=7, except last timepoint n=6. Data analyzed by 2-way mixed effects analysis and, if justified, by the Holm-Šidák test.
*
Different from same-timepoint Control
†
same-group Hypoxia timepoint. Data shown as mean ± SD.