Multiple mouse models of early-life malnutrition induce characteristic whole-body and GI tract changes. A, Dietary manipulation begins in the neonatal period by feeding dams LPLFD (blue) or control diet (gray) with or without TmSep (orange); pups are tested at 2 wk of life in the fed state or are weaned to their dams’ diet and tested as 8 wk old young adults. B, TmSep pups and LPLFD pups are equally underweight when tested at 2 wk. C, At the time of testing all malnourished models are underweight. D, Decreased chow consumption does not occur in malnourished young adult mice. E, All malnourished models except LPLFD young adult females exhibit decreased length of body, small bowel, and total GI tract. Individual data points are shown along with mean ± SD; **P < .01; n = 7 mice per group; TmSep = timed maternal separation; LPLFD = low-protein low-fat diet.