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. 2020 Nov 25;11:5990. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-19660-6

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — a Schematic illustration of the implantation of a wireless electrical stimulator onto the distal stump of a nerve gap model in rats. A bioresorbable nerve conduit (10 mm) is bridged between two ends of the transected sciatic nerve to realize the nerve gap model, and the cuff electrode of the stimulator is implanted on the distal nerve stump. b Relative muscle weight (MW) recovery reveals a significant increase in gastrocnemius muscle mass by multiple episodes of distal nerve stimulation. n = 5 independent animals per group. c Functional gait analysis shows improved function of the injured left hindlimb, with an increase of toe spread in the group with multiple episodes of distal nerve stimulation (circle dotted line). d, e Dynamic gait analysis further verifies the improved sciatic function index (SFI) and static sciatic index (SSI) in the group with multiple episodes of distal nerve stimulation. n = 5 independent animals per group. f Electrophysiologic analysis reveals increased amplitude of compound muscle action potential (CMAP), with a significant increase in the group with multiple episodes of distal nerve stimulation. n = 5 independent animals per group. The boxplots show the median (center line), the third and first quartiles (upper and lower edge of the box, respectively), and the largest and smallest value that is ≤1.5 times the interquartile range (the limits of the upper and lower whiskers, respectively). Statistical software (Version 6.0) was used for the analysis followed by a t-test and one-way ANOVA with Tukey multiple comparison analysis (*P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; ****P < 0.0001). Data available in source data file.