Table 3.

Variation in taxon’s aerial density among years, locality (villages), altitude, and meteorological conditions (GLIMMIX models of random (year and village) and fixed (season, panel height, wind speed and direction, temperature and RH at flight height, 222 nets between 40 and 290 m agl, in 125 sampling nights).

Model (GLIMMIX)	Parameter	Dysdercus sp.	Cy. endeca	M. nitidus	N. Modulatus	A. coluzzii	P. sabeus	P. fuscipes	Z. rhytidera	Ch. coletta	Hydrovatus sp.	Berosus sp.	Microchelonus sp.
None	Var/Mean (mean)	3.5 (0.05)	27.3 (8.1)	108.8 (3.8)	12.3 (0.74)	2.3 (0.17)	59.3 (4.6)	14.5 (0.45)	142.9 (13.5)	116.9 (20.6)	16.8 (1.3)	17.0 (1.4)	9.6 (0.40)
Random vars: Poisson	Pearson χ2/df (BIC)	2.65 (111)	24.26 (4155)	57.55 (3925)	5.98 (737)	2.30 (245)	34.19 (3654)	8.42 (617)	59.75 (7617)	91.78 (11,867)	10.81 (1216)	16.07 (1498)	5.19 (552)
Random vars: Neg. Bin	Pearson χ2/df (BIC)	0.5 (59.2)	0.7 (1199)	1.4 (663)	0.5 (309)	0.7 (188)	0.8 (751)	1.1 (240)	0.9 (1241)	0.9 (1450)	0.6 (441)	0.8 (464)	0.9 (2344)
	Scalea	103.2 ns	4.1ne	10.4***	13.4***	12.9**	10.2ne	24.7ne	4.8***	5.0ne	14.1***	13.9***	21.3**
Fixed & random vars:	Pearson χ2/df (BIC)	0.3 (57.4)	1.0 (1131)	1.0 (626)	0.9 (286)	0.4 (162)	0.8 (699)	0.6 (227)	1.0 (1198)	1.4 (1386)	0.8 (426)	0.8* (463)	0.7 (229)
Negative Binomial	Scalea	30.7 ns	2.5ne	6.8***	9.2***	4.7**	5.5*	13.9ne	3.8***	3.3***	10.2***	12.1**	11.3**
	Yearb (SD)	0 (ne)	0.0ne (ne)	0.001 ns (0.13)	0ne (ne)	0ne (ne)	0.43ne (0)	0ne (0)	0ne (ne)	0.09 ns (0.13)	0ne (ne)	0ne (ne)	0ne (ne)
	Villageb (SD)	0 (ne)	0.2ne (0)	0ne (ne)	0ne (ne)	0ne (ne)	0 (ne)	0.17ne (0)	0ne (ne)	0.10 ns (0.15)	0ne (ne)	0ne (ne)	0ne (ne)
	Periodc	Sepns	Octoberns	Sep***	Oct**	Augns	Sep***	Aug***	July***	July***	July**	Octoberns	Julyns
	Panel Height	0.02 ns (0.022)	0.007*** (0.002)	0.002 ns (0.004)	0.010*** (0)	0.003*** (0)	− 0.005*** (0)	− 0.016*** (0)	− 0.004 ns (0.003)	0.007 ns (0.004)	− 0.01* (0.006)	− 0.004 ns (0.005)	− 0.004*** (0)
Fixed variables:	Pearson χ2/df, (BIC)	0.28 (60.8)	1.2 (1135)	1.2 (618)	0.5 (290)	0.3 (162)	2.3 (683)	0.4 (223)	0.9 (1202)	2.0 (1357)	0.6 (421)	0.9 (450)	0.8(228)
Negative Binomial	Scalea	41.2 ns	2.7***	6.8***	8.4***	4.1**	4.7***	12.4***	3.6***	2.8***	9.6***	9.8***	11.8***
	Periodd	Jul-Sepns	Oct-Dec***	Oct-Dec**	Oct-Decns	Jul-Sepns	Oct-Decns	Oct-Decns	Jul-Sep**	Jul-Sep*	Oct-Decns	Oct-Decns	Mar-Junns
	Wind dir. vector (N-S)e	1.99 ns	− 0.59 ns	0.6 ns	− 0.19 ns	0.12 ns	0.09 ns	− 1.07 ns	− 0.82 ns	− 0.75 ns	0.13 ns	0.22 ns	0.12 ns
	Per x Wind dir. (N-S)f	1.89 ns	− 0.30 ns	0.96 ns	− 0.39 ns	0.02 ns	− 0.56 ns	− 3.0 ns	0.01 ns	0.18 ns	0.40 ns	− 0.10 ns	− 0.80 ns
	Wind speed g	− 0.23 ns	− 0.12 ns	− 0.37**	− 0.41*	− 0.17 ns	− 0.46***	0.43*	− 0.09 ns	− 0.26***	− 0.44***	− 0.41***	− 0.80 ns
	Temperature (oC )g	1.04 ns	− 0.06 ns	0.81**	− 0.02 ns	− 0.31 ns	0.72**	0.30 ns	− 0.10 ns	0.09 ns	− 0.06 ns	0.08 ns	0.94*
	RH (%)g	0.23 ns	0.01 ns	0.11***	0.03 ns	− 0.001 ns	0.17***	0.05 ns	− 0.01 ns	0.04 **	0.03 ns	0.03 ns	0.20 *

^aFor negative bionomial scale parameter estimates the k parameter of this distribution.

^bThe effects of year and village could not be estimated simultaneously, so the estimates were produced in two separate models, each including only one of the factors.

^cTwo month periods were used (Mar-Apr, May-Jun, Jul-Aug, Sep-Oct, and Nov-Dec). The period of highest panel density is shown with its statistical significance.

***^,**^,*^{, ns, ne} refer to significance probability of 0.001, 0.01 and 0.05, > 0.05, and to parameters that could not be estimated, respectively.

^dTo better reflect seasonal variation in wind direction (Fig. 5a), periods for this analysis were Mar-Jun, Jul-Sep, and Oct-Dec. The period of highest panel density is shown with its statistical significance.

^eThe main effect of wind direction, measured from south (− 1) to north (1) of each sampling location on aerial density. This measures the south-north component of the average angle of nightly wind direction (see text and Fig. 5a).

^fThe interaction between Period and S–N vector of wind is shown for the difference between Oct-Dec and Jul-Sep.

^gMeasured at flight altitude using MERRA2 database based on panel height (see text for details).