Table 3.
Summary of the effects of exercise training on asymmetry, physical fitness, and physical function outcomes and results of the 9 articles reviewed, grouped by training modality as resistance, aerobic, and combined exercise.
| Outcomes | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| References | Physical fitness | Δ Physical fitness (EX 1, EX 2, Con) | Physical function | Δ Physical function (EX 1, EX 2, Con) |
| Resistance exercise (n = 5) | ||||
| Liu et al., 2016 | NA | Dynamic balance, CoP sway length (cm2)*†
Static balance, CoP sway area (cm)*† Berg balance scale (points)*† Time to rise (s)*† |
84.24, NA, 67.74 27.85, NA, 21.95 8.40, NA, 5.80 0.90, NA, 0.42 |
|
| Sheikh et al., 2016 | NA | NA | ||
| Kim et al., 2015 | AS HF strength (lbs)*†
AS HE strength*† AS KF strength*† AS KE strength*† AS DF strength*† AS PF strength*† |
18.40, 17.78, −4.93 5.04, 7.98, −0.21 2.21, 6.25, −0.17 5.21, 13.67, −0.12 6.95, 13.78, −0.41 5.02, 12.4, 0.22 |
NA | |
| Sungkarat et al., 2011 | NA | Berg balance scale (points)†
Timed-up-go (s)† |
9.47, NA, 3.41 9.88, NA, 4.41 |
|
| Tung et al., 2010 | AS HE strength (% of participant's body weight)*†
NAS HE strength* AS KE strength* NAS KE strength* AS PF strength NAS PF strength* |
3.1, NA, 3.2 2.6, NA, 0.1 4.1, NA, 5.1 4.3, NA, 4.7 2.5, NA, 3.0 4.1, NA, 2.4 |
Berg balance scale (points)*
Sit-to-stand (s)*† |
3.50, NA, 2.80 −2.40, NA, 0.20 |
| Aerobic exercise (n = 3) | ||||
| Lewek et al., 2018 | NA | Comfortable gait speed (m/s) | 0.12 (collapsed across all groups for analysis) | |
| e Silva et al., 2017 | NA | Berg balance scale*†
Timed-up-go (s)*† |
3.6, NA, 5.3 −2.7, NA, −2.9 |
|
| Escudero-Uribe et al., 2017 | NA | NA | ||
| Combined exercise (n = 1) | ||||
| Kim et al., 2017 | NA | 10-m walking test (m/s) | 0.07, 0.17, 0.03 | |
Δ, change in outcome from pre to post; Ex 1, experimental group 1; Ex 2, experimental group 2; Con, control group; NA, not applicable; WB, weight bearing; HF, hip flexion; HE, hip extension; KF, knee flexion; KE, knee extension; DF, dorsiflexion; PF, plantarflexion; AS, affected side; NAS, non-affected side; lbs, pounds; m/s, meters per second; s, seconds; cm, centimeters;
*
, statistically significant within group difference, p < 0.05;
†
, statistically significant between group difference, p < 0.05.