Table 1.
Demographics and medication profile in 470 patients (253 DA+, 217 DA–) and 429 controls.
| All PD patients | PD DA+ | PD DA- | p-value DA+ vs. DA– | Controls | p-value PD DA– vs. controls | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subjects | 470 | 253 | 217 | 429 | ||
| Demographics | ||||||
| Male sex (%) | 308 (65.5%) | 156 (61.7%) | 152 (70.0%) | 0.06 | 234 (54.5%) | <0.001** |
| Years of education (yrs.) | 13.0 (±3.9) | 13.1 (±3.6) | 12.9 (±4.3) | 0.70 | 13.8 (3.7) | 0.01* |
| MoCA | 25.2 (±3.1) | 25.4 (±3.0) | 24.9 (±3.2) | 0.11 | 26.9 (2.5) | <0.001** |
| Age at baseline (yrs.) | 66.8 (±8.5) | 66.6 (±8.0) | 66.9 (±9.0) | 0.18 | 66.8 (8.5) | 0.35 |
| Age at PD onset (yrs.) | 59.8 (±9.9) | 58.5 (±9.3) | 61.2 (±10.4) | 0.001** | n.a | n.a |
| PD duration (yrs.) | 6.9 (±5.5) | 8.0 (±5.5) | 5.7 (±5.2) | <0.001** | n.a | n.a |
| LEDD (mg) | 559 (±441) | 696 (±429) | 397 (±399) | <0.001** | 0 | n.a |
| Scores | ||||||
| MDS-UPDRS I 1.6 = 0 (n) | 416 (88.5%) | 214 (84.6%) | 202 (93.1%) | n.a | 409 (95.4%) | n.a |
| MDS-UPDRS I 1.6 ≥ 1 (n) | 54 (11.5%) | 39 (15.4%) | 15 (6.9%) | n.a | 20 (4.6%) | n.a |
| MDS-UPDRS III (score) | 33.2 (±14.4) | 33.2 (±15.3) | 33.2 (±13.3) | 0.8 | 3.7 (4.0) | n.a. |
| Hoehn & Yahr (score) | 2.1 (±0.9) | 2.2 (±0.7) | 2.1 (±0.6) | 0.61 | 0 | n.a |
| Medication | ||||||
| Amantadine (n) | 81 (17.2%) | 48 (19.0%) | 33 (15.2%) | n.a | n.a | n.a |
| Antidepressants (n) | 64 (13.9%) | 34 (13.2%) | 30 (14.4%) | n.a | 20 (4.6%) | n.a |
| Ropinirole (n) | 63 (13.4%) | 63 (26.8%) | 0 | n.a | 0 | n.a |
| Pramipexole (n) | 146 (31.1%) | 146 (62.2%) | 0 | n.a | 0 | n.a |
| Rotigotine (n) | 32 (6.8%) | 32 (13.6%) | 0 | n.a | 0 | n.a |
| Apomorphine (n) | 1 (0.6%) | 1 (1.2%) | 0 | n.a | 0 | n.a |
| Piribedil (n) | 16 (3.4%) | 16 (6.8%) | 0 | n.a | 0 | n.a |
p-values concern differences between DA+ and DA– (
*
p < 0.05,
**
p < 0.01).
Some patients take >1 DA, which explains >100% in the DA+.