Table 5.

Association between sexual practice and gonorrhoea, Chlamydia, syphilis and HIV positivity among men who have sex with men only (MSMO) and men who have sex with men and women (MSMW) attending a sexual health centre in Melbourne, 2011–2018

HIV/STI	OR (95% CI)	P value	aOR (95% CI)*	P value
Gonorrhoea (any anatomical site)†
MSMO	1.96 (1.45 to 2.67)	<0.001	1.58 (1.15 to 2.18)	0.005
MSMW-M	1.91 (1.31 to 2.78)	0.001	1.41 (0.94 to 2.12)	0.093
MSMW-W	1	ref	1	ref
Chlamydia (any anatomical site)†
MSMO	1.87 (1.39 to 2.50)	<0.001	1.47 (1.09 to 1.99)	0.013
MSMW-M	1.63 (1.12 to 2.38)	0.010	1.19 (0.80 to 1.77)	0.394
MSMW-W	1	ref	1	ref
Syphilis
MSMO	2.18 (1.45 to 3.27)	<0.001	2.11 (1.36 to 3.27)	0.001
MSMW-M	1.48 (0.88 to 2.49)	0.142	1.08 (0.61 to 1.93)	0.791
MSMW-W	1	ref	1	ref
HIV (new diagnosis)‡
MSMO	6.01 (1.92 to 18.80)	0.002	5.49 (1.74 to 17.30)	0.004
MSMW-M	2.38 (0.61 to 9.24)	0.210	1.81 (0.43 to 7.63)	0.422
MSMW-W	1	ref	1	ref
HIV (previous diagnosis)
MSMO	21.22 (2.98 to 151.30)	0.002	17.91 (2.50 to 128.43)	0.004
MSMW-M	6.30 (0.76 to 52.45)	0.089	4.10 (0.47 to 35.42)	0.200
MSMW-W	1	ref	1	ref

*Adjusted by age, country of birth, sex overseas, injected drug use in the past 12 months, regular partner, number of male sexual partners in the past 12 months, condom use with casual male partners in the past 12 months and year of visit.

†Any anatomical site for gonorrhoea includes urethral, anorectal and oropharyngeal, while any site for chlamydia includes urethral and anorectal.

‡Only including HIV cases diagnosed on the day of the first visit.

aOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; MSMO, men who have sex with men only; MSMW-M, men who have sex with men and women and had more male than female sexual partner in the past 12 months; MSMW-W, men who have sex with men and women and had more female than male sexual partner in the past 12 months; OR, odds ratio; STI, sexually transmitted infection.