Table 3.
Association of inflammatory biomarkers with MRI and other features in the later stage of KOA, adjusted with age, gender and BMI.
| Dependent variables | β (95% confidence intervals) | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
(s) LBP |
(sf) LBP |
(s) TLR4 |
(sf) TLR4 |
(s) CD14 |
(sf) CD14 |
(s) IL6 |
(sf) IL6 |
(s) IL8 |
(sf) IL8 |
(s) TNFα |
(sf) TNFα |
|
| OST size | 3.30 (−8.98, 15.57) |
11.33 (−3.60, 26.25) |
−0.67 (−2.42, 1.09) |
11.43 (−5.71, 28.57) |
−4.67 (−20.86, 10.93) |
4.41 (−5.30, 3.35) |
0.42 (−1.44, 2.27) |
−0.30 (−2.82, 2.22) |
−2.37 (−5.43, 0.69) |
6.72 (−5.37, 18.81) |
−3.91 (−8.21, 0.38) |
−2.69 (−14.48, 9.10) |
| % Cart loss | 4.49 (−7.37, 16.36) |
−24.84 (−1.75, 0.71) |
−1.39 (−3.44, 0.65) |
5.91 (−12.29, 24.10) |
−12.87 (−30.91, 5.91) |
2.08 (−0.26, 4.42) |
0.59 (−1.85, 3.02) |
−0.86 (−0.36, 1.89) |
−3.50 (−7.48, 0.49) |
6.64 (−5.94, 19.22) |
−0.13 (−4.45, 4.18) |
10.14 (−5.31, 25.58) |
| % Cart full thickness | 4.69 (−7.34, 16.72) |
17.01 (2.01, 32.05)* |
−1.81 (−4.03, 0.40) |
6.60 (−9.11, 22.31) |
−15.84 (−33.03, 1.35) |
2.79 (0.32, 5.25)* |
0.51 (−1.91, 2.93) |
−1.02 (−3.50, 1.46) |
−1.84 (−5.05, 1.37) |
6.21 (−4.65, 17.06) |
−1.13 (−5.47, 3.21) |
3.85 (−7.85, 15.55) |
| BML size | −0.15 (−11.06, 10.76) |
0.38 (−8.92, 9.67) |
−0.37 (−1.78, 1.04) |
1.40 (−14.61, 17.41) |
−5.88 (−23.49, 11.74) |
9.06 (1.62, 16.49)*† |
0.99 (−1.05, 3.03) |
0.58 (−1.52, 2.67) |
−1.92 (−5.32, 1.48) |
15.90 (1.06, 30.75)* |
0.44 (−3.56, 4.44) |
7.18 (−7.63, 21.99) |
| % BML size | 1.16 (−10.39, 12.71) |
1.84 (−7.24, 10.92) |
−0.42 (−1.86, 1.02) |
−2.6 (−18.28, 13.04) |
−9.76 (−27.80, 8.27) |
9.06 (1.65, 16.48)*† |
0.79 (−1.21, 2.80) |
0.65 (−1.49, 2.79) |
−2.04 (−5.51, 1.42) |
18.54 (3.68, 33.40)*† |
−0.07 (−4.12, 3.98) |
11.57 (−3.27, 26.30) |
| Synovitis | 1.81 (−9.33, 12.94) |
5.83 (−4.39, 16.04) |
−0.32 (−1.92, 1.28) |
8.92 (−9.73, 27.57) |
3.14 (−14.58, 20.86) |
1.74 (−0.55, 4.03) |
−0.60 (−2.86, 1.66) |
−0.43 (−2.74, 1.88) |
−3.04 (−6.67, 0.58) |
8.13 (−3.93, 20.19) |
1.54 (−2.74, 5.82) |
7.02 (−6.34, 20.37) |
| Effusion | 13.87 (−0.08, 27.81) |
14.07 (0.49, 27.66)* |
−0.47 (−1.97, 1.05) |
1.17 (−16.16, 18.50) |
−10.57 (−28.29, 7.15) |
8.25 (−12.66, 29.16) |
0.46 (−1.60, 2.52) |
0.07 (−2.49, 2.63) |
−0.75 (−3.74, 2.25) |
2.53 (−8.47, 13.53) |
−0.30 (−4.47, 3.88) |
15.91 (−1.67, 33.48) |
| Meniscus extrusion | 3.02 (−9.65, 15.68) |
7.32 (−2.91, 17.54) |
−0.71 (−2.28, 0.86) |
−5.70 (−20.36, 8.97) |
−12.80 (−30.09, 4.48) |
1.55 (−0.90, 4.00) |
−0.60 (−2.68, 1.49) |
−0.20 (−1.74, 2.40) |
−2.82 (−6.16, 0.51) |
2.56 (−7.95, 13.08) |
−2.30 (−6.43, 1.83) |
1.53 (−9.71, 12.77) |
| KL grade | 2.84 (−8.17, 13.85) |
−4.21 (−14.43, 6.01) |
−0.62 (−2.19, 0.96) |
−12.38 (−31.86, 7.09) |
−9.04 (−26.06, 7.97) |
2.19 (−0.77, 5.14) |
0.52 (−1.53, 2.57) |
343.7 (−38,869, 39,556) |
−1.47 (−4.77, 1.83) |
7.31 (−4.19, 18.81) |
−0.83 (−4.92, 3.27) |
8.96 (−5.32, 23.23) |
| WOMAC pain | 88.40 (−9.30, 186.1) |
−1.47 (−3.94, 1.00) |
−3.58 (−18.60, 11.43) |
27.26 (−102.1, 156.7) |
–148.8 (–290.4, –7.13)*† |
9.72 (−5.70, 26.15) |
26.91 (10.63, 43.20)**† |
−2.43 (−20.22, 15.37) |
−16.45 (−44.92, 12.02) |
−10.98 (−62.86, 40.90) |
−8.05 (−46.38, 30.28) |
26.54 (−44.63, 97.71) |
| WOMAC function | 71.45 (−34.24, 177.15) |
97.60 (29.88, 165.3)**† |
−0.58 (−16.41, 15.25) |
77.64 (−67.94, 223.2) |
−66.05 (−227.0, 94.93) |
−4.05 (−22.16, 14.05) |
25.50 (7.62, 43.39)**† |
−8.54 (−28.05, 10.98) |
−10.12 (−40.60, 20.37) |
−35.14 (−90.75, 20.48) |
−16.17 (−55.92, 23.58) |
−2.92 (-84.29, 78.45) |
*
p < 0.05,
**
p < 0.01.
†
Bonferroni-adjusted p < 0.025 for cartilage loss and BMLs, p < 0.05 for all other domains bold).
MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; %, percentage; BML, bone marrow lesion; Cart, cartilage; OST, osteophyte; KL grade, Kellgren and Lawrence grading; (sf) synovial fluid; (s), serum; IL, interleukin; CD, cluster of differentiation; TNFα, tumor necrosis factor alpha; LBP, lipopolysaccharide binding protein; TLR, Toll-like receptor; vs., versus.