Table 2.

Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios between sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics and osteoarthritis (OA).

Covariates	Bivariate				Multivariate
	Odds Ratio	95% confidence interval		p-value	Adjusted Odds Ratio	95% confidence interval		p-value
Sex
Male	1				1
Female	1.89	1.77	2.02	<0.0001	1.52	1.28	1.81	<0.0001
Ages 60 + years
Male	1				1
Female	2.55	2.33	2.78	<0.0001	2.71	2.45	2.99	<0.0001
White*	1				1
Black*	0.55	0.47	0.64	<0.0001	0.47	0.41	0.54	<0.0001
Hispanic	0.42	0.36	0.48	<0.0001	0.38	0.33	0.43	<0.0001
Ages 50–59 years
Male	1				1
Female	1.93	1.63	2.27	<0.0001	2.12	1.78	2.54	<0.0001
White*	1				1
Black*	0.56	0.43	0.73	<0.0001	0.53	0.42	0.66	<0.0001
Hispanic	0.40	0.30	0.52	<0.0001	0.38	0.30	0.48	<0.0001
Ages 20–49 years
Male	1				1
Female	1.54	1.31	1.82	<0.0001	1.52	1.28	1.81	<0.0001
White*	1				1
Black*	0.57	0.44	0.74	<0.0001	0.51	0.40	0.63	<0.0001
Hispanic	0.31	0.23	0.40	<0.0001	0.32	0.25	0.41	<0.0001
Race/Ethnicity
White*	1				1
Black*	0.44	0.40	0.48	<0.0001	0.49	0.44	0.54	<0.0001
Hispanic	0.33	0.30	0.36	<0.0001	0.37	0.33	0.41	<0.0001
Household economic status
300% + of poverty line	1.00	0.91	1.10	0.9895	1.03	0.92	1.16	0.5686
200% to 299% of poverty line	1				1
< 200% of poverty line	0.87	0.79	0.95	0.0035	1.05	0.94	1.17	0.4159
Smoking history
No	1				1
Yes	1.40	1.32	1.50	<0.0001	1.37	1.26	1.48	<0.0001
Body mass index
Healthy or underweight	1				1
Overweight	1.33	1.22	1.46	<0.0001	1.33	1.20	1.48	<0.0001
Obese	1.93	1.77	2.10	<0.0001	2.21	2.00	2.44	<0.0001

*Non-Hispanic White and non-Hispanic Black