Table 3.
Foetal outcome
| Serial number | Author (reference) | Number of neonates from SARS CoV-2 +ve pregnancies | Foetal complications (n) |
Mode of delivery (n) | Birth weight (g) | Preterm delivery (n) | Stillbirth (n) | Comments |
| 1. | Chen H et ai45 | 9 | FD (2) PROM (1) |
CS (9) | 1880–3730 | Yes (2) | – | |
| 2. | Romagano M et al 82 | 7 | – | CS (7) | 1290–2580 (AGA) | Yes (7) | ||
| 3. | Zeng H et al 54 | 6 | CS (6) | – | ||||
| 4. | Zhu H et al 57 | 10 | FD (6), PROM (3), MSA (2) | CS (7) VD (2) |
SGA-2 LGA/normal-8 |
Yes (6) | – | 1 twin delivery |
| 5. | Khan S et al 64 | 17 | PROM | CS (17) | 2300–3750 <2700(3) |
Yes (5) | – | |
| 6. | Zeng L et al 41 | 33 | PROM (3); FD (1) | VD (7); CS (26) |
SGA (3) 1580–3360 |
Yes (4) | – | |
| 7. | Breslin N et al 59 | 18 | Ab.CTG (3) | CS (8); VD (10) |
Yes (1) | – | ||
| 8. | Qiancheng X et al 107 | 23 | – | CS (17) VD (5) |
3130 (2915–3390) | Yes (1) | – | 1 twin delivery |
| 9. | Hantoushzadeh S et al 75 | 5 | IUFD (3) | CS (4) | 1180–3200 | Yes (3) | Yes (1) | 1 twin delivery |
| 10. | Martínez-Perez O et al 65 | 82 | PROM (18) PPROM (7) IUGR (1) |
VD (41) CS (41) |
1450–3210 | Yes (25) | – | |
| 11. | Savasi V et al 109 | 57 | – | VD (34) CS (22) |
3160 (840–4350) | Yes (12) | – | 1 twin delivery |
| 12. | London V et al 27 | 56 | DFM (1) IUFD (17 weeks) (1) |
CS (22) VD (33) |
– | Yes (12) | – | |
| 13. | Lokken E et al 40 | 8 | FD (3) | CS (3) VD (5) |
– | Yes (1) | Yes(1) | |
| 14. | Yan J et al 24 | 99 | FD (9); IUGR (2) PPROM (6) |
CS (85) VD (14) |
3108±526 | Yes (21) | – | |
| 15. | Pierce-Williams R et al 63 | 32 | IUGR(2), PPROM (1) | CS (24) VD (8) |
2403.3±858 | Yes (19) | – | |
| 16. | Knight M et al 23 | 262 | Miscarriage (4) Foetal compromise (37) |
CS (156) VD (106) |
– | Yes (66) | Yes (3) | |
| 17. | Kayem G et al 25 | 176 | Foetal loss <21 weeks (5) | CS (87) VD (89) |
– | Yes (50) | Yes (2) | |
| 18. | Nayak A et al 26 | 134 | Miscarriage (6) | CS (67) VD (67) |
>2500 (92) <2500 (39) |
Yes (38) | Yes (3) | |
| 19. | Prabhu M et al 60 | 70 | PROM and Ab.CTG (4) |
CS (32) VD (38) |
3060.9–3149.6 | Yes (11) | Yes (1) | |
| 20. | Li N et al 66 | 17 | FD (1); PROM (1) | CS (14) VD (2) |
3078.2±565.0 | Yes (4) | – | 1 twin delivery |
| 21. | Cao D et al 67 | 11 | FD (3); PROM (4) | CS (8) VD (2) |
2050–3800 | Yes (4) | – | 1 twin delivery |
| 22. | Hu X et al 42 | 7 | PROM (1) | CS (6) VD (1) |
3180–3670 | – | – | |
| 23. | Yang P et al 81 | 7 | – | CS (7) | 2096±660 | Yes (4) | – | |
| 24. | Yang H et al 73 | 13 | – | CS (9) VD (4) |
3063.2±536.4 | – | – | |
| 25. | Ferrazzi E et al 28 | 42 | – | CS (18) VD (24) |
2730–3226 | Yes (11) | – | |
| 26. | Govind A et al 61 | 9 | Ab.CTG (1) | CS (8) VD (1) |
1200–4300 | Yes (2) | – | |
| 27. | Nie R et al 68 | 28 | FD (4); IM (1); PROM (3) |
VD (5); CS (22) |
2988 (502) | Yes (10) | – | 1 twin delivery |
| 28. | Yin M et al 46 | 17 | IM (3) | VD (4); CS (13) |
2580–3035 | Yes (5) | – | |
| 29. | Qadri F115 | 10 | CS (2) VD (8) |
Yes (1) | ||||
| 30. | Dória M et al 71 | 10 | IUGR (6) | CS (6) VD (4) |
2350–3380 | – | – | |
| 31. | Liu Y et al 69 | 10 | FD(3), PROM (1) | CS (10) | Yes (6) | Yes (1) | ||
| 32. | Perrone S et al 72 | 4 | IUGR (1) | VD (4) | 2290–3790 | – | – | |
| 33. | Patane L et al 39 | 2 | – | VD (1) CS (1) |
2660–2686 | Yes (1) | – | |
| 34. | Fan C et al 48 | 2 | – | CS (2) | 3440–2890 | Yes (1) | – | |
| 35. | Pulinx B et al 31 | 2 | IUFD (1) | VD (2) | Yes (1) | Yes (1) | DCDA twins | |
| 36. | Liu W et al 56 | 3 | FD (1); MSA; chorioamnionitis | CS (2) VD (1) |
3250–3670 | – | – | |
| 37. | Cooke W et al 83 | 2 | – | CS (2) | 1530, 1400 | Yes (2) | – | |
| 38. | Chen Y et al 58 | 4 | DFM (1) Ab.CTG (1) |
CS (3) VD (1) |
3050–3550 | – | – | |
| 39. | Gildof S et al 76 | 2 | – | CS (2) | 2680, 2160 | Yes (2) | – | |
| 40. | Khan S et al 85 | 3 | – | VD (3) | 2890–3750 | Yes (1) | – | |
| 41. | Zambrano L et al 87 | 1 | – | VD (1) | 1500 | Yes(1) | – | |
| 42. | Lowe B et al 62 | 1 | Ab.CTG (1) | VD (1) | – | – | ||
| 43. | Blauvelt C84 | 1 | – | CS (1) | 1880 | Yes (1) | – | |
| 44. | Kirtsman M et al 35 | 1 | – | CS (1) | 2930 | Yes (1) | – | |
| 45. | Lyra J et al 74 | 1 | – | CS (1) | 3110 | – | – | |
| 46. | Li Y et al 44 | 1 | FD(1) | CS (1) | Yes (1) | – | ||
| 47. | Dong L et al 55 | 1 | – | CS (1) | 3120 | Yes (1) | – | |
| 48. | Wang X et al 77 | 1 | FD (1) | CS (1) | 1830 | Yes (1) | – | |
| 49. | Alzamora M et al 78 | 1 | – | CS (1) | 2970 | – | – | |
| 50. | Huang J et al 86 | 1 | – | VD (1) | – | – | ||
| 51. | Kalafat E et al 79 | 1 | – | CS (1) | 2790 | Yes (1) | – | |
| 52. | Xiong S et al 50 | 1 | PROM | VD (1) | 3070 | – | – | |
| 53. | Wang S et al 51 | 1 | FD (1) | CS (1) | 3205 | – | – | |
| 54. | Zamaniyan M et al 30 | 1 | – | CS (1) | 2350 | Yes (1) | – | |
| 55. | Song L et al 49 | 1 | – | CS (1) | 3630 | Yes (1) | – | |
| 56. | Lee D et al 80 | 1 | – | CS (1) | 3130 | – | – | |
| 57. | Iqbal S et al 105 | 1 | VD (1) | |||||
| 58. | Vivanti A et al 29 | 1 | Ab.CTG (1) | CS (1) | 2540 | Yes (1) | – | |
| 59. | Kulkarni et al 117 | 1 | – | VD (1) | 3200 | – | – | |
| 60. | Sisman J et al 70 | 1 | PROM | VD (1) | 3280 | Yes (1) |
Ab.CTG, non-reassuring/pathological foetal cardio-tocography; AGA, appropriate for gestational age; CS, caesarean section; DFM, Decreased foetal movement; FD, foetal distress; IM, induced miscarriage; IUFD, intrauterine fetal deaths; IUGR, intrauterine growth restriction; LGA, Large for gestational age; MSA, meconium-stained amniotic fluid; PROM, prelabour rupture of membrane; SGA, small for gestational age; VD, vaginal delivery.