Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of participants
| ALT/AST ratio | Quintile 1 (< 0.6) | Quintile 2 (≥0.6, < 0.71) | Quintile 3 (≥0.71, < 0.84) | Quintile 4 (≥0.84, < 1.04) | Quintile 5 (≥1.04) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | 2387 (19.68%) | 2428 (20.02%) | 2374 (19.58%) | 2512 (20.71%) | 2426 (20.01%) | |
| Clinical data | ||||||
| Age, years | 41.00 (32.00–54.00) | 40.00 (32.00–51.00) | 41.00 (32.00–53.00) | 40.00 (31.00–51.00) | 39.00 (31.00–50.00) | < 0.001 |
| Sex | < 0.001 | |||||
| Female | 1123 (47.05%) | 1153 (47.49%) | 1104 (46.50%) | 1076 (42.83%) | 1025 (42.25%) | |
| Male | 1264 (52.95%) | 1275 (52.51%) | 1270 (53.50%) | 1436 (57.17%) | 1401 (57.75%) | |
| NAFLD | 136 (5.70%) | 233 (9.60%) | 330 (13.90%) | 580 (23.09%) | 868 (35.78%) | < 0.001 |
| Weight, kg | 56.22 ± 8.06 | 57.59 ± 8.03 | 59.23 ± 8.05 | 61.91 ± 8.04 | 64.48 ± 7.82 | < 0.001 |
| Height, m | 1.64 ± 0.08 | 1.65 ± 0.08 | 1.66 ± 0.08 | 1.67 ± 0.07 | 1.69 ± 0.07 | < 0.001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 20.80 (19.31–22.26) | 21.26 (19.70–22.78) | 21.71 (20.08–23.05) | 22.22 (20.67–23.58) | 22.80 (21.46–23.91) | < 0.001 |
| SBP, mmHg | 122.63 ± 19.05 | 121.17 ± 17.92 | 121.69 ± 16.76 | 122.94 ± 15.67 | 123.57 ± 14.94 | < 0.001 |
| DBP, mmHg | 72.00 (65.00–80.00) | 71.00 (65.00–79.00) | 73.00 (66.00–80.00) | 74.00 (67.00–81.00) | 74.00 (68.00–82.00) | < 0.001 |
| Laboratory data | ||||||
| ALP, U/L | 68.70 ± 24.64 | 69.12 ± 20.28 | 70.94 ± 22.24 | 74.32 ± 23.29 | 78.52 ± 23.98 | < 0.001 |
| GGT, U/L | 18.00 (14.00–23.00) | 19.00 (15.00–24.00) | 21.00 (17.00–28.00) | 24.00 (19.00–34.00) | 32.00 (23.00–51.00) | < 0.001 |
| ALT, U/L | 10.00 (9.00–12.00) | 13.00 (11.00–15.00) | 16.00 (14.00–19.00) | 20.00 (17.00–24.00) | 31.00 (24.00–41.00) | < 0.001 |
| AST, U/L | 20.00 (18.00–24.00) | 20.00 (17.00–23.00) | 21.00 (18.00–24.00) | 22.00 (19.00–25.00) | 24.00 (21.00–30.00) | < 0.001 |
| TP, g/L | 73.86 ± 4.40 | 73.74 ± 4.11 | 73.61 ± 4.17 | 73.90 ± 4.23 | 74.16 ± 4.34 | < 0.001 |
| ALB, g/L | 44.18 ± 2.80 | 44.29 ± 2.79 | 44.42 ± 2.61 | 44.76 ± 2.81 | 45.05 ± 2.74 | < 0.001 |
| GLB, g/L | 29.68 ± 4.15 | 29.45 ± 3.94 | 29.19 ± 3.81 | 29.14 ± 3.82 | 29.11 ± 4.13 | < 0.001 |
| TB, μmol/L | 11.00 (8.70–14.40) | 11.30 (8.60–14.20) | 11.20 (8.90–14.60) | 11.60 (9.00–14.60) | 11.60 (9.20–14.90) | 0.003 |
| DBIL, μmol/L | 2.00 (1.50–2.90) | 2.00 (1.40–2.60) | 2.00 (1.40–2.60) | 1.90 (1.40–2.60) | 1.90 (1.40–2.60) | < 0.001 |
| BUN, mmol/L | 4.76 ± 1.63 | 4.56 ± 1.53 | 4.53 ± 1.39 | 4.58 ± 1.25 | 4.50 ± 1.20 | < 0.001 |
| CR, mmol/L | 78.00 (68.00–93.00) | 77.00 (67.00–92.00) | 80.00 (68.00–94.00) | 84.00 (72.00–95.00) | 87.00 (76.00–96.00) | < 0.001 |
| UA, μmol/L | 284.90 ± 94.09 | 275.54 ± 89.22 | 284.15 ± 88.02 | 304.56 ± 86.09 | 317.18 ± 83.47 | < 0.001 |
| FPG, mmol/L | 5.12 ± 0.65 | 5.16 ± 0.74 | 5.24 ± 0.82 | 5.27 ± 0.87 | 5.28 ± 1.03 | < 0.001 |
| TC, mmol/L | 4.58 ± 0.75 | 4.57 ± 0.72 | 4.61 ± 0.74 | 4.62 ± 0.77 | 4.66 ± 0.74 | < 0.001 |
| TG, mmol/L | 0.99 (0.77–1.35) | 1.02 (0.79–1.40) | 1.11 (0.84–1.54) | 1.23 (0.92–1.75) | 1.40 (1.02–2.02) | < 0.001 |
| HDL-C, mmol/L | 1.53 ± 0.37 | 1.51 ± 0.35 | 1.48 ± 0.36 | 1.40 ± 0.34 | 1.33 ± 0.34 | < 0.001 |
| LDL-C, mmol/L | 2.23 (1.89–2.56) | 2.24 (1.91–2.57) | 2.30 (1.95–2.63) | 2.32 (1.96–2.66) | 2.40 (2.05–2.71) | < 0.001 |
Values are n(%) or mean ± SD
Abbreviations: BMI body mass index, BUN blood urea nitrogen, Cr creatinine, UA uric acid, FPG fasting plasma glucose, TC total cholesterol, TG triglyceride, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, ALP Alkaline phosphatase, GGT gamma-glutamyl transferase, ALT alanine aminotransferase, AST aspartate aminotransferase, TP Total Protein, ALB albumin, GLB globulin, TB Total bilirubin, DBIL Direct bilirubin, DBP diastolic blood pressure, SBP systolic blood pressure, FPG fasting plasma glucose