Table 2.
Development of Medication Appropriateness Index (MAI) scores over the course of the SiMbA-study (t0-t2)
| t0 | t1 | t2 | Mean difference t1-t0 (CI95%) |
Effect size dcohen | Effect size dppc2 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IG | Total sample | M ± SD |
24.55 ± 16.19 (n = 117) |
21.16 ± 14.76 (n = 80) |
21.39 ± 13.90 (n = 69) |
− 3.35 (− 6.13; − 0.57) | d = − 0.22 | Total sample: dppc2 = − 0.09 |
|
Subgroup wMAIt0 < 23 |
M ± SD |
12.82 ± 5.80 (n = 65) |
14.51 ± 9.94 (n = 45) |
15.38 ± 9.36 (n = 37) |
2.07 (− 0.60; 4.74) |
d = 0.21 |
Subgroup wMAIt0 < 23: dppc2 = − 0.14 |
|
|
Subgroup wMAIt0 ≥ 23 |
M ± SD |
39.21 ± 12.63 (n = 52) |
29.71 ± 15.64 (n = 35) |
28.34 ± 15.13 (n = 32) |
− 10.31 (− 14.82; − 5.81) |
d = − 0.67 | ||
| CG | Total samplea | M ± SD |
30.87 ± 16.39 (n = 122) |
28.97 ± 13.93 (n = 78) |
28.58 ± 14.65 (n = 64) |
−1.45 (− 3.79; − 0.89) |
d = − 0.12 | |
|
Subgroup wMAIt0 < 23 |
M ± SD |
15.25 ± 4.83 (n = 44) |
17.68 ± 8.45 (n = 28) |
18.21 ± 11.27 (n = 24) |
2.25 (− 0.13; − 4.63) |
d = 0.36 |
Subgroup wMAIt0 ≥ 23: dppc2 = − 0.38 |
|
| Subgroupa wMAIt0 ≥ 23 | M ± SD |
39.68 ± 13.83 (n = 78) |
35.30 ± 12.33 (n = 50) |
34.80 ± 12.88 (n = 40) |
− 3.52 (− 6.84; − 0.20) |
d = − 0.34 |
Notes: IG Intervention group, CG control group, M Mean, SD Standard deviation, wMAI Weighted MAI Sum score for long-term medication; Subgroup wMAIt0 < 23 = subgroup of NHRs with a wMAI score < 23 at baseline; Subgroup wMAIt0 ≥ 23 = subgroup of NHRs with a wMAI score ≥ 23 at baseline; dcohen = Cohen’s d [31]; dppc2 = effect size for pretest-posttest-control group design using pooled pretest SD [32]
aOne extreme outlier (mean difference t1-t0 = 53) was excluded to match the sample in the regression (see Table 3)