Table 4.

The influence of surfactant type/concentration on alginate nanoparticles.

Surfactant	Surfactant Concentration	Method of Nanoparticle Preparation	Drug Loaded	Mean Particle Size (nm)	Polydispersity Index (%)	Encapsulation Efficiency (%)	Reference
Tween 20	0.20% v/v	Emulsification/external gelation	Doxorubicin	102.4	0.25	87.2	[148]
	0.30% v/v			39.2	0.19	92.2
	0.40% v/v			93.5	0.26	85.4
Span 60 co-surfactant	0% w/v			51.8	0.23	93.5	[148]
	0.15% w/v			42.3	0.26	84.6
	0.30% w/v			95.1	0.24	76.2
Poloxamer 188 co-surfactant	0% w/v			51.8	0.23	93.5	[148]
	0.15% w/v			35.6	0.29	92.1
	0.30% w/v			48.4	0.30	90.8
Poloxamer 407	0.10% w/v	Emulsification/external gelation complexation	Sacha inchi oil	900	-	Decrease 0.1 to 0.3% w/v Increase 0.5 to 1% w/v	[149]
	0.20% w/v			1050
	0.30% w/v			1000
	0.50% w/v			700
	1% w/v			800
Polysorbate 80	10% v/v	Ionotropic gelation	Curcumin	Increase	-	92	[147]
	20% v/v					94
	40% v/v					91
Tween 80	0% w/v	Ionic gelation	Rifampicin Ascorbic Acid	450	-	-	[150]
	0.20% w/v			250
	0.40% w/v			700