Table 4.
Composition of the four samples (frozen half-shell GSM, GSM food ingredient, GSM powder and GSM oil extract) fed to clinical trial participants.
| GSM Oil Extract | Frozen Half-Shell GSM | GSM Food Ingredient | GSM Powder | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size (g) | 2.3 | 125 | 22.5 | 22.5 |
| Proximate composition | Amount per serving (g) | |||
| Fat | 2.30 | 2.25 | 2.05 | 2.23 |
| Ash | 0.00 | 1.75 | 4.82 | 3.94 |
| Crude Protein | 0.00 | 17.79 | 11.12 | 10.44 |
| Carbohydrate | 0.00 | 5.25 | 3.85 | 5.06 |
| Fatty acid profile | Amount per serving (mg) | |||
| C14:0 myristic acid | 111.3 | 97.5 | 81.8 | 87.1 |
| C16:0 palmitic acid | 326.2 | 289.4 | 308.0 | 348.4 |
| C16:1 palmitoleic acid | 146.5 | 128.1 | 137.5 | 151.5 |
| C18:0 stearic acid | 84.0 | 88.6 | 69.6 | 92.8 |
| C18:1n7 vaccenic acid | 58.6 | 50.4 | 50.5 | 64.4 |
| C18:1n9c oleic acid | 48.8 | 21.7 | 24.4 | 24.6 |
| C18:2n6c linoleic acid | 84.0 | 39.5 | 40.0 | 32.2 |
| C18:3n3 alpha linolenic acid (ALA) | 25.4 | 26.1 | 27.8 | 17.6 |
| C18:3n4 octadecatrienoic acid | 23.4 | 21.0 | 2.6 | 2.5 |
| C18:4n3 stearidonic acid (SDA) | 48.8 | 58.0 | 47.0 | 32.2 |
| C20:1 gadoleic acid | 37.1 | 31.2 | 36.5 | 41.7 |
| C20:4n6 arachidonic acid (AA) | 33.2 | 27.4 | 29.6 | 26.5 |
| C20:5n3 eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) | 355.5 | 350.0 | 339.4 | 320.0 |
| C22:5n3 docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) | 25.4 | 23.6 | 24.4 | 28.4 |
| C22:6n3 docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) | 267.6 | 311.1 | 174.0 | 189.3 |
| ∑SFA | 554.1 | 509.8 | 493.4 | 567.8 |
| ∑MUFA | 291.0 | 234.7 | 251.5 | 285.3 |
| ∑PUFA | 879.5 | 880.5 | 718.3 | 684.8 |
| ∑Omega 3 | 727.9 | 776.0 | 622.2 | 595.7 |
| ∑Omega 6 | 140.6 | 91.5 | 77.4 | 69.7 |
| Lipid class | Amount per serving (mg) | |||
| Polar lipids (PL) | 1463.6 | 1530.0 | 14.3 | 46.8 |
| Sterols | 29.9 | 104.3 | 43.0 | 82.4 |
| Triacylglycerols (TAG) | 801.9 | 622.5 | 1951.3 | 2051.5 |
∑SFA includes C15:0 pentadecanoic acid; C17:0 heptadecanoic acid; C20:0 arachidic acid and C21:0 heneicosanoic acid; ∑PUFA include C16:2n4 hexadecadienoic acid; C18:3n6 gamma linolenic (GLA); C20:3n3 cis-11, 14, 17-eicosatrienoic acid; C20:3n6 cis-8, 11, 14-eicosatrienoic acid and C20:4n3 eicosatetraenoic acid.