PQS mutants are not deficient in reversible or irreversible attachment. Cultures were grown in 96-well plates, planktonic cells were removed, and attached biomass was quantified using crystal violet staining. (A) PA14 and ΔpqsA strains were grown for 2, 8, and 24 h. (B and C) PA14, ΔpqsH, ΔpqsE, and ΔpqsR strains were grown for 2 h (B) and 24 h (C). Error bars represent the standard deviations calculated from a minimum of three biological replicates. Statistical significance was determined using Student's two-tailed t tests for panel A and one-way ANOVA for panels B and C. *, P < 0.05.