Table 1.
Patient 1a | Patient 2a | Patient 3 | |
---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 65 | 80 | 66 |
Sex | Female | Female | Female |
HHT-type | 2 | 2 | VUSd |
Gene mutation | ACVLR-1-c.1022A>T | ACVLR-1-c.1022A>T | ACVLR-1-c.941A>Cb |
Height (cm) | 161 | 163 | 160 |
Weight (kg) | 53 | 60 | 47 |
Body Mass Index | 21 | 23 | 18 |
PAVM | Yesc | No | No |
GI-AVM | Yes | Yes | No |
Epistaxis | Yes, mild | Yes, mild | Yes, severe |
aPatients are related
bNot formerly known to be pathogenic
c5 cm in diameter, embolized in 2009
dHaving a variant of unknown significance in the ACVRL1 gene, means that we found a mutation but we do not know if it is a disease causing mutation or just a polymorphic variant. The conclusion for this patient is that the patient has HHT based on the clinical Curaçao criteria, but we cannot say for sure she has HHT type two
ACVLR-1 activin receptor-like kinase 1, VUS variance of unknown significance, PAVM pulmonary arteriovenous malformation, GI-AVM gastrointestinal-AVM