Table 3.

The pooled effects of intervention on subjective well-being (SWB) and test of heterogeneity: three-level random-effects meta-analysis.

	Significance test(s) of SMD = 0				Tests of heterogeneity
	SMD	SE	t	P	Heterogeneity statistic (Q)*	Degrees of freedom	p
Overall	0.51	0.10	5.22	<0.01	413.99	53	<0.01
BY INTERVENTION
Physical activity	0.58	0.32	1.81	0.10	135.72	11	<0.01
Mindfulness	0.86	0.34	2.54	0.03	122.88	12	<0.01
CB based approach	0.22	0.09	2.60	0.03	33.32	10	<0.01
Other psychological	0.56	0.16	3.46	0.01	49.03	11	<0.01
Environmental	0.13	0.10	1.32	0.41	0.57	1	0.45
Multicomponent	0.04	0.13	0.32	0.77	2.21	3	0.53
BY OUTCOME
Evaluative WB	0.46	0.18	2.53	0.02	95.93	14	<0.01
Hedonic WB	0.35	0.16	2.22	0.04	236.68	26	<0.01
Eudemonic WB	0.58	0.13	4.47	0.047	2.80	2	0.25
QOL	0.77	0.25	3.07	0.02	44.76	8	<0.01

SWB, subjective well-being; CB, cognitive behavioral; WB, well-being; SMD, standardized mean difference; SE, standard error.

^* The variation in SMD attributable to heterogeneity was tested by Q statistic.