Table 1.
Baseline characteristics and association between multiple patient-related factors and protocol
| Variable | Total (n = 71) | Protocol | P value | Missing | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A (n = 39) | B (n = 32) | ||||
| Patient | |||||
| Age (years) | 44 (17–73) | 45(18–69) | 38 (17–73) | 0.278c | 0 |
| Male gender | 53 | 29 | 24 | 0.951a | 0 |
| Smoking | 28 | 17 | 11 | 0.749a | 6 |
| Comorbidities | |||||
| Diabetes mellitus | 8 | 4 | 4 | 1.0b | 0 |
| Psychiatric disorder | 18 | 9 | 9 | 0.627a | 0 |
| Multitrauma | 32 | 20 | 12 | 0.246a | 0 |
| NSAID use during treatment | 52 | 27 | 25 | 0.278a | 1 |
| Oral corticosteroid use | 4 | 1 | 3 | 0.310b | 2 |
| Follow-up (months) | 15 (2–111) | 11 (3–32) | 23 (2–111) | 0.003c | 0 |
| Fracture | |||||
| Localization | 0.092b | 0 | |||
| Sternum/costa | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||
| Humerus | 2 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Radius/ulna | 6 | 3 | 3 | ||
| Pelvic ring/acetabulum | 12 | 8 | 4 | ||
| Femur | 15 | 7 | 8 | ||
| Tibia/fibula | 19 | 11 | 8 | ||
| Ankle | 8 | 6 | 2 | ||
| Foot | 8 | 2 | 6 | ||
| Soft tissue injury | 0.075a | 1 | |||
| Closed and Gustilo I | 47 | 29 | 18 | ||
| Gustilo II and III | 23 | 9 | 14 | ||
| Fracture fixation | |||||
| Treatment before definite fixation | 0.712b | 0 | |||
| Cast | 5 | 4 | 1 | ||
| External fixation | 15 | 7 | 8 | ||
| Time until fixation | 0.001a | 3 | |||
| 0–6 h | 19 | 3 | 16 | ||
| 6–24 h | 13 | 10 | 3 | ||
| 1–7 days | 13 | 10 | 3 | ||
| > 1 week | 23 | 13 | 10 | ||
| Type of osteosynthesis | 0.514b | 0 | |||
| Zuggurtung/K-wire | 3 | 1 | 2 | ||
| Screws | 10 | 4 | 6 | ||
| Nail | 18 | 9 | 9 | ||
| Plate | 40 | 25 | 15 | ||
| Closure | 0 | ||||
| Primary closure | 56 | 30 | 26 | 0.952a | |
| Direct free flap transplantation | 4 | 2 | 2 | 1.0b | |
| Secondary closure, including vacuum therapy | 11 | 4 | 7 | 0.204b | |
| Time until secondary closure, days | 129 (3–399) | 79 (3–399) | 195 (22–276) | 0.592c | |
Bold P values are < 0.05 and considered significant
Data are presented as the number of cases or as median with the range in parenthesis
aPearson Chi-square
bFisher’s exact
cMann–Whitney U-test