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. 2020 Nov 26;11:6000. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-19849-9

Fig. 6. Carvedilol promoted the antiviral immunity in vivo.

Fig. 6

a Ifnb, Isg15, and Ccl5 mRNA levels in the spleens, livers, and lungs of WT 6-week-old male mice (n = 6 per group) intraperitoneally injected with PBS or HSV-1 (2 × 108 PFU per mouse) for 24 h and then treated with PBS or carvedilol for another 24 h (***P < 0.0001 in all panels). b The virus titers as in a (***P < 0.0001, up panel; **P = 0.0059, middle panel; ***P < 0.0001, below panel). c VSV (5 × 108 PFU per mouse) infection as in a (***P < 0.0001 in all panels). d The virus titers as in c (***P = 0.0005, up panel; ***P = 0.0004, middle panel; ***P = 0.0009, below panel). e, f Microscopy of hematoxylin-and eosin-stained lung and spleen sections as in a or c. g, h Survival of WT 6-week-old male mice (n = 6 per group) infected intraperitoneally with a high dose of HSV-1 (5 × 108 PFU per mouse) g (*P = 0.0485) or VSV (8 × 108 PFU per mouse) (h) (*P = 0.0196) and treated with PBS or carvedilol 24 h after infection and monitored for 15 d. Data are representative of at least three independent experiments (mean ± SEM, two-tailed unpaired Student’s t-test in a–d or Kaplan–Meier analysis in g, h).