. 2020 Nov 13;11:581703. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2020.581703

Table 4B.

Adjusted logistic regression models: Baseline characteristics as predictors of change in gait and balance outcomes.

		Greater increase in tandem gait missteps	Greater decrease in tandem stance time^j	Greater increase in near falls per year	Greater decrease in total ABC-6 score	Greater increase in use of any type of walking aid^j
OR (95% CI)
Total tremor score	Adjusted model 1	1.02 (0.95–1.10)^c	0.93 (0.85–1.02)^a	1.11 (1.02–1.20)^c	0.95 (0.88–1.02)^c	0.91 (0.84–0.99)^a
	Adjusted model 2	1.02 (0.94–1.10)^a	0.93 (0.85–1.02)^a		0.95 (0.88–1.03)^a	0.91 (0.84–0.99)^a
Tremor duration	Adjusted model 1	0.99 (0.97–1.01)^c	1.00 (0.98–1.01)^a	1.00 (0.98–1.01)^b	1.01 (0.99–1.02)^f	1.00 (0.99–1.02)^a
	Adjusted model 2
Cranial tremor score	Adjusted model 1	0.96 (0.68–1.35)^c	1.00 (0.70–1.44)^a	0.86 (0.61–1.20)^e	0.95 (0.68–1.34)^e	1.02 (0.73–1.43)^d
	Adjusted model 2	0.97 (0.69–1.37)^a	1.00 (0.70–1.44)^a		0.94 (0.68–1.30)^a	0.99 (0.71–1.38)^a
Intention tremor	Adjusted model 1	0.42 (0.20–0.87)^c	0.88 (0.41–1.88)^a	0.85 (0.43–1.71)^b	2.15 (1.04–4.48)^f	0.96 (0.47–1.97)^a
	Adjusted model 2
MoCA	Adjusted model 1	1.03 (0.91–1.15)^c	1.05 (0.92–1.20)^a	0.93 (0.82–1.04)^c	1.02 (0.90–1.15)^f	1.06 (0.94–1.19)^a
	Adjusted model 2	1.03 (0.91–1.15) ^a	1.05 (0.92–1.20)^a		1.01 (0.90–1.14)^a	1.06 (0.94–1.19)^a
CDR	Adjusted model 1	0.37 (0.09–1.54)^c	0.65 (0.12–3.44)^c	1.01 (0.28–3.77)^c	1.50 (0.38–5.91)^f	0.30 (0.08–1.16)^c
	Adjusted model 2	0.37 (0.09–1.54)^c	0.66 (0.13–3.50)^a	1.16 (0.32–4.18)^b	1.49 (0.38–5.84)^c	0.24 (0.06–0.91)^a
Executive function	Adjusted model 1	1.09 (0.58–2.05)^f	1.33 (0.68–2.63)^f	0.61 (0.33–1.13)^f	0.88 (0.47–1.64)^f	2.26 (1.17–4.33)^f
	Adjusted model 2	1.13 (0.62–2.07)^c	1.04 (0.56–1.94)^a	0.62 (0.35–1.10)^b	0.88 (0.47–1.64)^f	2.19 (1.19–4.05)^a
Attention	Adjusted model 1	0.98 (0.63–1.55)^c	0.97 (0.59–1.60)^c	0.90 (0.57–1.42)^b	1.11 (0.69–1.77)^f	2.09 (1.26–3.44)^c
	Adjusted model 2	1.01 (0.65–1.57)^b		0.90 (0.57–1.42)^b	1.11 (0.70–1.78)^b
Visuo-spatial	Adjusted model 1	1.09 (0.63–1.86)^c	0.90 (0.50–1.61)^a	0.75 (0.45–1.27)^b	0.82 (0.47–1.44)^f	1.87 (1.06–3.31)^a
	Adjusted model 2
ESS	Adjusted model 1	1.04 (0.95–1.14)^c	1.01 (0.92–1.11)^a	0.99 (0.91–1.08)^b	0.91 (0.82–1.00)^c	0.91 (0.83–1.00)^a
	Adjusted model 2
IADL^j	Adjusted model 1	1.08 (0.83–1.40)^c	1.41 (0.94–2.11)^a	1.11 (0.86–1.45)^c	0.96 (0.72–1.28)^f	1.66 (1.15–2.39)^a
	Adjusted model 2	1.08(0.83–1.04)^a	1.41 (0.94–2.11)^a		0.96 (0.73–1.23)^a	1.66 (1.15–2.39)^a
GDS-30	Adjusted model 1	0.98 (0.92–1.05)^c	1.10 (1.01–1.20)^a	1.03 (0.96–1.11)^b	1.00 (0.93–1.07)^c	0.95 (0.89–1.03)^a
	Adjusted model 2
GAD-7^j	Adjusted model 1	0.86 (0.75–0.99)^c	0.98 (0.87–1.11)^a	1.05 (0.94–1.18)^b	1.05 (0.93–1.17)^c	1.07 (0.94–1.22)^a
	Adjusted model 2
Average # of drinks per week	Adjusted model 1	0.99 (0.96–1.04)^e	1.03 (0.98–1.09)^g	1.01 (0.97–1.05)^h	1.03 (0.98–1.10)ⁱ	1.01 (0.97–1.06)^g
	Adjusted model 2
Number of drinkers	Adjusted model 1	1.37 (0.67–2.80)^c	1.16 (0.54–2.49)^a	1.24 (0.62–2.47)^b	2.03 (1.00–4.13)^f	1.21 (0.59–2.50)^a
	Adjusted model 2

ABC-6, Transformed Activities of Balance Confidence Scale score; CDR, Clinical Dementia Rating; CI, Confidence Interval; ESS, Epworth Sleepiness Scale; GAD-7, General Anxiety Disorder Seven-Item; GDS-30, Geriatric Depression Scale Thirty-Item; IADL, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; OR, Odds Ratio.

Adjusted model 1: Less restrictive model for confounding [an association (p < 0.05) between the confounding variable and either the independent or dependent variable] Adjusted model 2: More restrictive model for confounding [an association (p < 0.05) between the confounding variable and both the independent and dependent variable. If cell is empty, this signifies that no variables met requirements for confounders and that results are the same as those in the unadjusted models.

All values represent odds ratio and 95% confidence interval. All measures of time were recorded in seconds.

Adjusted for age.

Adjusted for medications that can decrease gait and balance.

Adjusted for age and medications that can decrease gait and balance.

Adjusted for age and gender.

Adjusted for age, medications that can decrease gait and balance, and gender.

Adjusted for age, medications that can decrease gait and balance, and years of education.

Adjusted for age and gender.

Adjusted for medications that can decrease gait and balance and gender.

ⁱ

Adjusted for age, medications that can decrease gait and balance, education, and gender.

T2 is baseline assessment. Underlined values are significant in the opposite of hypothesized direction (p < 0.01).