Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of the subcohorts of patients treated with hydroxychloroquine/lopinavir-ritonavir and patients with additional glucocorticoid treatment.
| HCL/LOP (n = 63) | HCL/LOP/COR (n = 63) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 57.2 | 63.7 | 0.015 |
| Males (n) | 35 (52.2%) | 46 (68.7%) | 0.052 |
| Obesity (n) | 12 (17.6%) | 13 (19.4%) | 0.793 |
| CHF (n) | 3 (4.4%) | 4 (6.0%) | 0.718 |
| CKD (n) | 4 (5.9%) | 9 (13.4%) | 0.137 |
| SAHS (n) | 5 (7.4%) | 7 (10.4%) | 0.528 |
| Baseline saturation (%) | 93.7 | 91.1 | 0.037 |
| X-ray involvementa | 2.13 | 2.13 | 0.962 |
| CRP (mg/dL) | 99.4 | 150.2 | 0.035 |
| Urea | 33.2 (n = 38) | 43.9 (n = 47) | 0.026 |
| Hydroxychloroquine | 63 (100%) | 63 (100%) | – |
| Lopinavir-Ritonavir | 63 (100%) | 63 (100%) | – |
| Interferon | 12 (17.6%) | 22 (32.8%) | 0.042 |
| Tocilizumab | 7 (10.3%) | 25 (37.3%) | <0.001 |
| Glucocorticoids | 0 | 76 (100%) | – |
| Azithromycin | 0 | 0 | – |
HCL: hydroxychloroquine; COR: glucocorticoids; CHF: congestive heart failure; CKD: chronic kidney disease; LOP: lopinavir-ritonavir; CRP: C-reactive protein; SAHS: sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome.
a
Number of affected quadrants on an anteroposterior chest X-ray. Range: 0–4 (0: no involvement; 4: involvement of upper and lower lobes of both lungs).