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. 2020 Oct 29;9(11):3497. doi: 10.3390/jcm9113497

Figure 1.

Figure 1

The downward spiral of inactivity in COPD. Physiological changes lead to dyspnea and decreased exercise capacity. Physical activity is reduced by decreased exercise capacity and other factors, such as psychological, socio-economic, comorbidities, and/or skeletal muscle weakness.