. 2020 Oct 30;12(11):2548. doi: 10.3390/polym12112548

Table 1.

DS results determined by NMR, XPS results and molecular composition of surfaces of unmodified amaranth starch (AS), and amaranth starch derivatives (ASL1, ASL2 and ASL3).

Sample	DS	O/C	$a / g$	XPS (%)					Molecular Composition $^{1}$
				C	O	Na	N	Si	$g$	$a$	$h$	$p$	$s$
AS	0	0.50	0	65.5	32.7	0	1.3	0.5	6.06	0	23.34	1	0.5
ASL1	0.06	0.27	0.08	77.1	20.7	0.3	1.5	0.4	3.81	0.3	47.50	0.5	0.4
ASL2	0.82	0.30	0.26	73.6	22.2	0.9	1.0	2.3	3.51	0.9	33.44	0.77	2.3
ASL3	1.16	0.30	1.01	73.1	21.8	3.3	1.0	0.8	3.25	3.3	8.71	0.77	0.8

$^{1}$ g = glucose residue (C $_{6}$ O $_{5}$ H $_{10}$ ); a = lauroyl (C $_{12}$ O $_{1}$ H $_{23}$ Na); h = hydrocarbon ( $C H_{2}$ ); p = protein (C $_{4.8}$ O $_{1.9}$ N $_{1.3}$ H $_{7.7}$ ) [32]; s = silicon oil (C $_{2}$ H $_{6}$ SiO).