Table 4.
Comparison of the clinical characteristic of iCCA patients with classical risk factors, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, and no risk factors. Continuous variables have been reported as median (interquartile range). Categorical variables are reported as frequencies (percentages).
| Variables | NASH Group A (n = 29) | No Risk Factors Group B (n = 100) | Classical Risk Factors Group C (n = 51) | Omnibus p-Value * | A vs. B p-Value ** | A vs. C p-Value ** |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex (Male) | 14 (48.3%) | 49 (49.0%) | 35 (68.6) | 0.056 | 1.000 | 0.096 |
| Age (years) | 70.0 (58.0–75.5) | 66.5 (58.0–72.8) | 63.0 (56.0–70.0) | 0.120 | 0.287 | - |
| History of other tumours | 7 (24.1%) | 21 (21.0%) | 10 (19.6) | 0.891 | 0.799 | 0.777 |
| Hypertension | 22 (75.9%) | 45 (45.0%) | 28 (54.9) | 0.013 | 0.005 | 0.092 |
| Diabetes | 7 (24.1%) | 13 (13.0%) | 14 (27.5) | 0.073 | 0.085 | 0.798 |
| Dyslipidemia | 8 (27.6%) | 22 (22.0%) | 11 (21.6) | 0.795 | 0.618 | 0.591 |
| Body mass index | 29.8 (24.1–32.0) | 24.2 (22.0–26.7) | 26.1 (23.6–28.3) | <0.001 | 0.001 | 0.030 |
| Severe fibrosis (F3–F4) | 6 (20.7) | 8 (8.0) | 22 (43.1) | <0.001 | 0.084 | 0.053 |
| Main tumour dimension (mm) | 50.0 (30.5–79.0) | 65.5 (50.0–95.0) | 50.0 (30.0–70.0) | 0.003 | 0.005 | 1.000 |
| Multinodular disease | 10 (34.5%) | 25 (25.0%) | 15 (29.4) | 0.576 | 0.346 | 0.802 |
| T | ||||||
| 1a | 5 (17.2%) | 17 (17.0%) | 16 (31.4) | |||
| 1b | 4 (13.8%) | 34 (34.0%) | 10 (19.6) | |||
| 2 | 15 (51.7%) | 31 (31.0%) | 17 (33.0) | 0.163 | 0.511 | 0.438 |
| 3a | 3 (10.3%) | 8 (8.0%) | 2 (3.9) | |||
| 3b | 2 (6.9%) | 10 (10.0%) | 6 (11.8) | |||
| n > 0 | 28(27.6%) | 23 (23.0%) | 5 (9.8) | 0.085 | 0.626 | 0.058 |
| R > 0 | 9 (31.0%) | 31 (31.0%) | 9 (17.6) | 0.193 | 1.000 | 0.178 |
| Adjuvant treatment | 12 (41.4%) | 42 (42.0%) | 22 (43.1) | 0.986 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
* Three-group comparisons were performed with the Kruskal–Wallis test for continuous variables and the Pearson Chi-square test for categorical variables. ** The Dunn-Bonferroni test and the Chi-square test for independence with a Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons were used for the subsequent pairwise comparison of continuous and categorical variables, respectively.