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. 2020 Oct 27;12(11):3153. doi: 10.3390/cancers12113153

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Two topics discussed in this review. Urologists should handle several malignancies arising from different organs, including the bladder, renal pelvis, ureter, kidney, prostate, and tissues of the retroperitoneal cavity. In this review, we discuss two topics: (1) the prognostic impact of tumor-infiltrating leukocytes (TILs) and (2) predictive markers for immune checkpoint inhibitors to shed light on lymphocyte migration in four solid tumors, the urothelial carcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, PCa, and retroperitoneal sarcoma. Currently available PD-L1 companion diagnostic assays predicting response to immune checkpoint inhibitors are shown.