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Biochemical pathways for vitamin/cofactor biosynthesis in human gut microbiome. (A) thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP); (B) Flavin MonoNucleotide/Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide FMN/FAD; (C) Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (Phosphate) NAD/NADP; (D) coenzyme A (CoA); (E) pyridoxal-phosphate (PLP); (F) biotin; (G) tetrahydrofolate (THF); (H) adenosylcobalamine (AdoCbl). Enzymes are shown in white boxes. B-vitamins/cofactors are in blue/magenta text.
