Table 4.
Results from multivariate linear regression analysis regarding the association between skeletal muscle mass index (per 1 unit) and surrogate cardiovascular disease markers in the total sample and separately for men and women.
| Total Sample | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Men | Women | |
| N | 1141 | 529 | 612 |
| Beta-Coefficient (standard error) | Beta-Coefficient (standard error) | Beta-Coefficient (standard error) | |
| usCRP, per 1 mg/L | −0.22 (0.13) | −0.27 (0.13) | −0.31 (0.13) |
| Interleukin 6, per 1 pg/dL | +0.11 (0.21) | −0.10 (0.19) | −0.12 (0.20) |
| Tumor necrosis factor-alpha, per 1 pg/mL | +0.19 (1.18) | −0.17 (1.68) | −0.18 (0.91) |
| White blood cells, per 103 counts | −0.32 (0.09) | −0.19 (0.11) | −0.25 (0.12) |
| HOMA-IR, per 1 unit | −0.67 (0.21) | −0.54 (0.71) | −0.81 (0.24) |
| Arterial distensibility, per 1000 mmHg−1 | −0.40 (0.89) | −0.61 (0.90) | −0.33 (0.77) |
| Total testosterone, per 1 ng/dL | +0.19 (0.11) | +0.27 (0.16) | +0.08 (0.10) |
| Total sample excluding participants <65 years old | |||
| Total | Men | Women | |
| N | 670 | 327 | 343 |
| usCRP, per 1 mg/L | −0.21 (0.12) | −0.15 (0.11) | −0.38 (0.15) |
| Interleukin 6, per 1 pg/dL | +0.12 (0.22) | −0.09 (0.17) | −0.13 (0.21) |
| Tumor necrosis factor-alpha, per 1 pg/mL | +0.20 (1.17) | −0.14 (1.60) | −0.17 (0.90) |
| White blood cells, per 103 counts | −0.19 (0.25) | −0.18 (0.15) | −0.26 (0.16) |
| HOMA-IR, per 1 unit | −0.25 (0.24) | −0.25 (0.60) | −0.29 (0.27) |
| Arterial distensibility, per 1000 mmHg−1 | −0.51 (0.92) | −0.64 (0.87) | −0.45 (0.82) |
| Total testosterone, per 1 ng/dL | +0.23 (0.12) | +0.14 (0.13) | +0.19 (0.11) |
Beta-Coefficients and their corresponding standard error were obtained from linear regression analysis after adjusting for age, (gender), body mass index, physical activity, current smoking, MedDietScore, history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and hypercholesterolemia, and family history of cardiovascular disease. Abbreviations: Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), ultra-sensitive C-reactive protein (usCRP). Bold indicates statistically significant outcomes, i.e., p-value < 0.05.