Table 4.

Results of moderation analysis using PROCESS (Model 1) in Study 2.

Independent variables	Corruption (Y)
	B	SE	t	LCLI	UCLI
Ethical leadership (X)	−2.77**	0.68	4.06	−3.90	−1.64
Machiavellianism (W)	−0.02	0.14	0.14	−0.25	0.21
X × W	0.33†	0.19	1.72	0.01	0.65
F			18.07**
R2			0.27**
Moderator (Machiavellianism)	Conditional direct effect of X on Y
	B	SE	t	LCLI	UCLI
Low	−2.07**	0.33	6.20	−2.62	−1.52
Mean	−1.66**	0.23	7.05	−2.06	−1.27
High	−1.25**	0.33	3.71	−1.81	−0.69

N = 146. LLCI, lower limit confident interval; UCLI, upper limit confidence interval. Ethical leadership were coded 0 = non-ethical leadership and 1 = ethical leadership. We report the bias-corrected and accelerated 90% confidence intervals (CIs) calculated using 5,000 bootstrap samples.

^†p < 0.10;

^**p < 0.01.