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. 2020 Oct 29;12(11):3326. doi: 10.3390/nu12113326

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Maternal HF diet alters expression of AMPK, pAMPK and bHLH factors and promotes differentiation to NPY neurons in in vitro NPC culture. (A) NPC protein expression of AMPK, pAMPK and bHLH factors (Hes1, Mash1, Ngn3) in control (■) and HF (■) newborn males at 1 day of age. Fold change (mean ± SE) of n = 6 from six litters per group (1 male/litter). * p < 0.01 vs control. (B) NPCs from 1-day-old control (■) and HF (■) males were cultured in differentiating medium for 7 days, fixed and immunostained for NPY (green) and DAPI (blue). Scale bar = 50 µm values are percent of controls (mean ± SE). * p < 0.01 vs control. Abbreviations: HF (high fat); AMPK (5’ AMP-activated protein kinase); pAMPK (phosphorylated 5’ AMP-activated protein kinase); Hes1 (Hairy and Enhancer of Split 1); Mash1 (Achaete-scute complex homolog-1); Ngn3 (neurogenin 3); GAPDH (Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase); NPY (neuropeptide Y).