Table 3.
Multilevel multivariable logistic regression model result of postnatal care service utilization in sub-Saharan Africa from 2006 to 2018
| Variable | Empty Model AOR(95%CI) | Community-level factors model AOR(95%CI) | Individual-level factors model AOR(95%CI) | Combined model AOR(95%CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Africa Region | ||||
| Southern | 1 | 1 | ||
| Central | 0.78(0.74,0.81) | 0.37(0.35,0.39)* | ||
| Eastern | 0.51(0.49,0.54) | 0.51(0.48,0.54)* | ||
| Western | 0.49(0.47,0.52) | 0.67(0.63,0.72)* | ||
| Residence | ||||
| Rural | 1 | 1 | ||
| Urban | 1.72(1.69,1.75) | 1.14(1.11,1.17)* | ||
| Age group | ||||
| 15–24 | 1 | 1 | ||
| 25–34 | 1.10(1.07,1.13) | 1.07(1.04,1.09)* | ||
| 35–46 | 1.22(1.18,1.26) | 1.15(1.12,1.19)* | ||
| Maternal education | ||||
| No education | 1 | 1 | ||
| Primary education | 1.03(1.01,1.05) | 1.15(1.12,1.18)* | ||
| Secondary and above | 1.02(0.99,1.06) | 1.11(1.07,1.14)* | ||
| Husband education | ||||
| No education | 1 | 1 | ||
| Primary education | 0.89(0.87,0.91) | 0.98(0.95,1.01) | ||
| Secondary and above | 0.86(0.83,0.88) | 0.97(0.95,1.02) | ||
| Maternal Occupation | ||||
| Had occupation | 1 | 1 | ||
| Had no occupation | 1.03(1.01,1.06) | 1.04(1.02,1.06)* | ||
| Wealth Index | ||||
| Poor | 1 | 1 | ||
| Middle | 1.00(.97,1.02) | 0.97(0.95,1.01) | ||
| Rich | 0.98(0.96,1.01) | 0.96(0.94,1.02) | ||
| Media Exposed | ||||
| No | 1 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 1.85(1.82,1.89) | 1.70(1.67,1.74)* | ||
| ANC visit | ||||
| No | 1 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 3.03(2.95,3.13) | 2.93(2.84,3.03)* | ||
| Place delivery | ||||
| Home | 1 | 1 | ||
| Health Institution | 1.45(1.42,1.48) | 1.45(1.42,1.48)* | ||
| Wanted pregnancy | ||||
| No | 1 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 0.98(0.94,1.02) | 1.00(0.96,1.04) | ||
| Accessing health care | ||||
| Big problem | 1 | 1 | ||
| Not big problem | 1.05(1.03,1.07) | 1.04(1.02,1.06)* | ||
| Birth Order | ||||
| 1 | 1 | 1 | ||
| 2–4 | 0.93(0.90,0.96) | 0.96(0.93,1.02) | ||
| 5+ | 0.78(0.75,0.81) | 0.97(0.95,1.03) | ||
| Birth size | ||||
| Low birth weight | 1 | 1 | ||
| Normal | 1.08(1.05,1.11) | 0.99(0.98,1.02) | ||
| Random Effects results | ||||
| Variance | 0.31(0.27,0.35) | 0.26(0.22,0.29) | 0.24(0.21,0.27) | 0.25(0.22,0.29) |
| ICC | 8.66(7.76,9.66) | 7.32(6.50,8.25) | 6.83(6.03,7.73) | 7.28(6.44,8.23) |
| PCV | 1 | 16.67 | 22.75 | 17.30 |
| MOR | 1.70(1.60,1.75) | 1.62(1.57,1.67) | 1.59(1.54,1.64) | 1.62(1.57,1.67) |
| Model Comparison | ||||
| LL | − 195,756 | − 191,618 | − 138,007 | − 136,767 |
| Deviance | 391,512 | 383,236 | 2,760,014 | 273,534 |
| AIC | 391,517 | 383,248 | 276,052 | 273,581 |
| BIC | 391,538 | 383,311 | 276,247 | 273,817 |
*=significant at alpha 5%