Table 1.

Pathways/processes impacted by curcumin and analogues, and their effect on viruses.

Pathway/Process	Antiviral Activity	Virus	References
Actin filament organization	Viral entry	Dengue virus Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus	[8] [9]
	Replication	Dengue virus	[8]
Anti-inflammation	Replication	Human immunodeficiency virus	[10]
Antioxidation	Replication	Human immunodeficiency virus	[11]
APE1 redox reactions	Replication	Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus	[12]
Cell lipogenesis	Replication	Dengue virus	[8]
Cleavage of eIF4G	Protein expression	Enterovirus 71	[13]
Conformation of viral/cellular surface proteins	Viral attachment	Zika virus Chikungunya virus Vesicular stomatitis virus	[14,15,16]
		Human respiratory syncytial virus	[17,18]
HSC71 expression	Viral entry	Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus	[9]
NF-κB signalling	Replication	Influenza A virus	[19]
	Viral egress	Herpes simplex virus 2	[10]
PKCδ phosphorylation	Protein expression?	Enterovirus 71	[20]
ROS production	Viricidal	Norovirus	[21,22]
Lipid raft formation		Bovine herpes virus 1	[23]
Viral enzymes	Viral egress Viral protease	Influenza A virus Dengue virus	[24] [8]
Viral proteins	Viral entry	Influenza A virus Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus	[24] [25]
	Viral protein degradation	Human immunodeficiency virus	[26]
	Viricidal	Norovirus	[21]