Skip to main content
. 2020 Nov 9;11:574475. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.574475

TABLE 2.

Multivariable logistic regression analysis of the poor sleeper sample.

Variable OR P 95% CI
Demographic data
Gender (female) 1.66 <0.001 1.45–1.90
Age
18–25 1.04 0.764 0.67–1.70
26–30 1.20 0.920 0.79–1.91
31–40 1.17 0.458 0.79–1.77
41–50 0.98 0.920 0.66–1.49
51–60 1.06 0.764 0.72–1.55
>60 Reference
Italian territory
North Reference
Center 1.39 0.006 1.10–1.76
South 1.13 0.104 0.95–1.31
Education level
Elementary/middle school Reference
High school 0.86 0.394 0.61–1.21
Bachelor’s degree 0.95 0.826 0.67–1.38
Master’s degree 0.95 0.765 0.66–1.36
Doctoral degree 0.89 0.594 0.59–1.35
Marital status
Single Reference
Married or re-married 0.93 0.603 0.72–1.21
Cohabit 0.84 0.183 0.65–1.09
In a relationship 0.89 0.155 0.77–1.04
Divorced/separated/widowed 1.00 0.991 0.70–1.43
Children (no) 1.31 0.037 1.01–1.69
People living with you
0 Reference
1 0.80 0.119 0.61–1.06
2 0.91 0.527 0.69–1.21
3 0.88 0.372 0.66–1.17
4 1.10 0.553 0.80–1.51
5+ 0.81 0.293 0.54–1.20
Home size (sq. m.)
≤80 Reference
81–100 1.00 0.995 0.84–1.19
101–150 0.88 0.170 0.74–1.05
>150 0.89 0.223 0.73–1.07
Having a garden or balcony (yes) 0.89 0.266 0.72–1.09
Working with the public (yes) 1.12 0.085 0.98–1.28
Still working (yes) 0.99 0.883 0.86–1.13
Occupation
Retired Reference
Student 1.04 0.897 0.59–1.81
Working student 1.00 0.973 0.57–1.78
Healthcare employee (public/private) 1.37 0.287 0.77–2.43
Police/military 0.93 0.856 0.40–2.12
Artisan, laborer, farmer 0.65 0.226 0.32–1.31
Employee/manager/owner of business activity 0.88 0.637 0.50–1.52
Employee/manager/owner of industrial activity 0.81 0.479 0.46–1.44
Intellectual profession 0.83 0.506 0.47–1.45
Unemployed/searching 1.29 0.398 0.72–2.32
Office executive job 0.83 0.687 0.32–2.10
Technical profession 0.77 0.367 0.43–1.37
Non-qualified profession 0.89 0.687 0.52–1.54
Other 0.73 0.372 0.37–1.45
COVID-19 positive
No Reference
Yes 1.96 0.066 0.95–4.03
Had symptoms but no swab test 1.36 0.196 0.85–2.20
Forced quarantine
No Reference
Yes 0.88 0.270 0.70–1.10
Someone close positive (yes) 0.97 0.749 0.81–1.16
Someone close died (yes) 1.41 0.008 1.09–1.81
Changes in physical relationships
Decreased Reference
Stable 1.10 0.478 0.85–1.42
Improved 1.18 0.178 0.93–1.52
Changes in online relationships
Decreased Reference
Stable 0.97 0.838 0.73–1.29
Improved 1.02 0.900 0.78–1.33
Changes in the habitual bedtime
Earlier 1.59 0.001 1.22–2.07
Stable Reference
Postponed 2.10 <0.001 1.81–2.41
Changes in the habitual awakening time
Earlier 1.47 0.004 1.14–1.90
Stable Reference
Postponed 1.01 0.735 0.88–1.17
Changes in the habitual napping
Reduced 1.32 0.001 1.13–1.56
Stable Reference
Increased 1.11 0.114 0.94–1.28
Stress
Extremely severe 4.83 <0.001 2.95–7.92
Severe 3.37 <0.001 2.59–4.39
Moderate 2.60 <0.001 2.16–3.16
Mild 2.10 <0.001 1.76–2.52
Normal Reference
Anxiety
Extremely severe 3.74 <0.001 2.54–5.51
Severe 3.11 <0.001 2.23–4.35
Moderate 2.39 <0.001 1.98–2.89
Mild 1.61 <0.001 1.29–2.02
Normal Reference
Depression
Extremely severe 2.39 <0.001 1.69–3.53
Severe 1.77 <0.001 1.32–2.30
Moderate 1.67 <0.001 1.38–1.98
Mild 1.53 <0.001 1.30–1.81
Normal Reference