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. 2020 Nov 3;12(11):1051. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12111051

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Plasmid designs for lentiviral vector (LV) production. (A) Third-generation LV has two separated packaging plasmids. (B) Vesicular stomatitis virus envelope glycoprotein (VSV-G) envelope protein is used for pseudotype LV to avoid cytotoxicity. (C) Transfer plasmids. Self-inactivating (SIN) plasmids to avoid long terminal repeat (LTR) promoter/enhancer activity. LTR1 reduces the total human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) content. Conditional SIN: the plasmid expression is induced by the addition of doxycycline and cumate. Ψ: RNA packaging signal; ΔU3: SIN deletion in the U3 region of 3′ LTR; CMV: cytomegalovirus immediate-early promoter; cPPT: central purine tract; PBS: primer binding site; Poly A: poly (A) tail of multiple adenosine monophosphates; PPT: polypurine tract; Pro: internal promoter for transgene expression; RRE: rev response element; Tet07: tetracycline (Tet)-dependent regulatory system; U3-R-U5: U3, R and U5 regions from HIV-LTRs for efficient cleavage process; WPRE: woodchuck hepatitis virus post-transcriptional regulatory element.