Table 2.

Incidence of diseases, mean age of disease occurrence, days of pharmacological intervention required, and cost per head of pharmacological interventions of female Gir × Holstein female calves receiving (BAS; n = 70) or not receiving (CON; n = 70) a bovine appeasing substance every 14 days during pre-weaning and diagnosed with any disease during the experimental period ¹.

Item	Treatment		SEM	p-Value
	CON	BAS		Treatment	Disease	Treatment × Disease
Incidence of diseases, %				0.89	<0.01	0.42
Diarrhea	45.5	52.5	4.95
Pneumonia	18.8	14.9	2.83
Diarrhea + pneumonia 1	5.9	4.0	1.41
Others 2	29.7	28.7	0.71
Mean age of disease occurrence, days				0.46	<0.01	0.99
Diarrhea	11.4	10.3	0.96
Pneumonia	8.4	7.4	1.65
Diarrhea + pneumonia	4.7	3.0	3.03
Days of pharmacological intervention, days				0.10	<0.001	0.35
Diarrhea	2.2	1.9	0.25
Pneumonia	3.3	3.2	0.42
Diarrhea + pneumonia	4.7	2.9	0.78
Cost of pharmacological intervention, USD				0.05	<0.001	0.55
Diarrhea	1.91 a	1.11 b	0.283
Pneumonia	4.24	3.93	0.489
Diarrhea + pneumonia	6.20 a	4.28 b	0.912

^a,b Different letters denote differences at p < 0.10. ¹ Diarrhea + pneumonia indicate animals that were diagnosed with both occurrences at the same time. ² Other diseases observed include arthritis, hernia, navel infection, anaplasmosis, anemia, neurological issues, and birth weakness.