Table 4.

Summary of changes in vascular α₁-adrenoceptor (AR)-mediated responses in chronic heart failure.

	Species	Preparation/Parameter Studied	α1-AR-Mediated Responses
Goldsmith et al. [137]	human	In vivo hemodynamic responses	↓
Wilson et al. [141]	dog	In vivo hindlimb vascular responses	X
Schwinn et al. [145]	human	In vivo BP response	X (awake)/ ↓ (on fentanyl anesthesia)
Borow et al. [138]	human	In vivo BP response	↓
Forster et al. [114]	dog	DPA and SV	↑
Forster et al. [115]	dog	DPA and SV	↑
Main et al. [132]	dog	LAD and LCX	↓
Forster et al. [119]	dog	DPA and SV	↑
Angus et al. [139]	human	Small arteries from gluteal skin biopsy	↓
Townsley et al. [129]	dog	Pulmonary arterial and venous pressure response	↑
Indolfi et al. [144]	human	In-vivo forearm blood flow response	X
Teerlink et al. [146]	rat	Thoracic aorta	↑ intact vessels/ ↓ denuded vessels
Forster et al. [120]	dog	DPA and SV	↑ significant only in SV
Bergdahl et al. [130]	rat	Basilar, femoral, and renal artery and iliac vein	↑ arteries (NS) ↓ vein
Forster et al. [116]	dog	DPA and SV	↑
Stassen et al. [102]	rat	MSA	↓
Stassen et al. [133]	rat	Thoracic aorta, coronary arteries, MSA	X thoracic aorta/ ↑ coronary arteries (NS)/↓ MSA
Mulder et al. [142]	rat	Abdominal aorta, Femoral artery, MSA	X
Le Tran et al. [117]	dog	DPA and SV	↑ (significant only for NA in DPA)
Martinez et al. [105]	rat	Aorta, Carotid artery	X
McMillon et al. [143]	dog	Intrapulmonary bronchial vessels	X
Feng et al. [134]	rat	In vivo BP response	↓
Bergdahl et al. [121]	rat	MSA	↓
Ahmadiasl et al. [135]	rabbit	Thoracic aorta, left renal artery and vein, lateral saphenous artery and vein, vena cava	↓ significant only in vena cava
Tamagawa et al. [131]	dog	LAD/ In vivo coronary pressure-flow relationship response	↑
Trautner et al. [123]	rat	Femoral artery (2nd order side branches) and muscle resistance arteries	X
Koida et al. [122]	rat	Femoral resistance artery (small branch)	↑
Van Tassel et al. [147]	human	In vivo BP response	↑ with up-titration of carvedilol
Ramchandra et al. [136]	sheep	Renal vessels/In vivo renal vasoconstrictor response	↓
Barrett-O’Keefe et al. [140]	human	CFA and CFV/In vivo leg blood flow response	↓at rest

BP: blood pressure, CFA: common femoral artery, CFV: common femoral vein, DPA: dorsal pedal artery, LAD: left anterior descending coronary artery, LCX: left circumflex coronary artery, MSA: mesenteric small artery, NS: not significant, SV: saphenous vein, ↑: increase, ↓: decrease, X: similar.