| CMCS | carboxymethyl chitosan |
| G-Z | genistein-loaded zein nanoparticles |
| G-ZCMC | genistein-loaded zein nanoparticles coated with CMCS |
| G-ZCMC/C | genistein-loaded zein nanoparticles coated with CMCS and crosslink with calcium ions |
| DLS | dynamic light scattering |
| AFM | atomic force microscopy |
| FTIR | Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. |