Table 2.
Examples for the prevalence of enteropathogenic and emetic B. cereus strains in different foods worldwide from 1997 until 2020. Data are sorted according to their publication year.
| Enteropathogenic | |||
| Food | Species | Location | Reference |
| Pasteurized milk | B. cereus | Netherlands | [213] |
| Dietary supplements | B. cereus | Scotland | [214] |
| Milk-based infant formulae | B. cereus | Scotland | [120] |
| Milk and meat products | B. cereus | Norway | [4] |
| Chicken meat products | B. cereus | USA | [215] |
| Fish, meat, milk and vegetable products, oils, flavourings, ready-to-eat foods, pastry | B. cereus (mainly enteropathogenic) | Netherlands | [216] |
| Dried milk products | B. cereus | Chile | [217] |
| Fresh and heat-treated milk | B. cereus, B. thuringiensis, B. weihenstephanensis | Poland | [218] |
| Condiments | B. cereus | Africa | [219] |
| Pasteurized full fat milk | B. cereus, B. thuringiensis, B. mycoides | China | [220] |
| Raw rice | B. cereus, B. thuringiensis | USA | [221] |
| Honey | B. cereus, B. megaterium | [119] | |
| Different foods from local markets and restaurants | B. cereus (mainly enteropathogenic) | Jordan | [222] |
| Cooked pasta, lasagne, béchamel and bolognaise sauce, fresh minced beef, fresh-cut vegetables, raw basmati rice | B. cereus | Belgium | [179] |
| Fermented African locust bean Benin condiments | B. cereus | Africa/Denmark | [223] |
| Sunsik (ready-to-eat) | B. cereus (emetic and enteropathogenic) | Korea | [224] |
| Ugba (African oil bean seeds) | B. cereus | Nigeria | [225] |
| Ice cream | B. cereus | Turkey | [226] |
| Potato products | B. cytotoxicus | Germany | [227] |
| Vegetables | B. cereus | Mexico | [228] |
| Fermented soybean paste, green tea, rice, vegetables | Mainly B. cereus (emetic and enteropathogenic) | Korea | [229] |
| Ready-to-eat vegetables | B. cereus | Korea | [230] |
| Bread ingredients and bread | B. cereus | Italy | [152] |
| Spices | B. cereus, B. thuringiensis | USA | [231] |
| Infant formulas, ready-to-eat foods | B. cereus | Korea | [232] |
| Fermented soybean products | B. cereus | Korea | [233] |
| Meat products | B. cereus | India | [234] |
| Fermented soybean products | B. cereus sensu lato | Korea | [235] |
| 1489 food samples | 5.4% enteropathogenic B. cereus | Netherlands | [236] |
| Milk/dairy farms | B. cereus, B. thuringiensis | China | [125] |
| Fermented soybean food | B. cereus (enteropathogenic and emetic) | Korea | [237] |
| Probiotics | B. cereus, B. thuringiensis | China | [238] |
| Pasteurized and UHT milk | B. cereus, B. thuringiensis | Brazil | [239] |
| Dairy products | B. cereus (mainly enteropathogenic) | Ghana | [240] |
| Pasteurized milk | B. cereus | Canada | [241] |
| Beef products | B. cereus | Egypt | [242] |
| Spices from Asia, India, Mexico, powdered infant formulas, fish feed, dietary supplements | B. cereus | USA | [243] |
| Edible insects | B. cereus, B. cytotoxicus, B. thuringiensis | Italy | [244] |
| Pasteurized milk | B. cereus (mainly enteropathogenic) | China | [126] |
| Powdered infant formula (PIF), mashed potato powder | B. cereus, 1 B. cytotoxicus | Switzerland | [245] |
| Cooked food, army catering | B. cereus (mainly enteropathogenic) | Switzerland | [246] |
| Raw vegetables | B. cereus | Korea | [247] |
| Raw milk, dairy products | B. cereus (mainly enteropathogenic) | Brazil | [248] |
| Herbs, spices, cereals, pasta, rice, infant formulas, pasteurized milk, cheeses | B. cereus (mainly enteropathogenic) | Poland | [124] |
| Fresh vegetables and salad | B. cereus | Germany | [249] |
| Cereals, spices, vegetables, seafood, dairy and meat products | B. cereus (mainly enteropathogenic) | Tunisia | [250] |
| Flour products | B. cereus (mainly enteropathogenic) | Switzerland | [251] |
| Potato flakes, millet flour, salted potato chips, soups | B. cytotoxicus | Belgium/Mali | [252] |
| Retail fish, ground beef | Bacillus (enterotoxin-positive) | Turkey | [253] |
| Ready-to-eat foods | B. cereus (mainly enteropathogenic) | China | [129] |
| Vegetables | B. cereus (mainly enteropathogenic) | China | [128] |
| Milk powder, Ras-cheese | B. cereus (enteropathogenic and emetic) | Egypt | [254] |
| Artisanal Mexican cheese | B. cereus group | Mexico | [255] |
| Green leave lettuce | B. cereus | Korea | [256] |
| Ready-to-eat foods and powdered milk | B. cereus group | Colombia | [127] |
| Dairy products | B. cereus (mainly enteropathogenic) | China | [257] |
| Meat | B. cereus | Iran | [121] |
| Emetic | |||
| Food | Species | Location | Reference |
| Potato skin | B. cereus (4 emetic strains) | Scotland | [118] |
| Fish, meat, milk and vegetable products, oils, flavourings, ready-to-eat foods, pastry | B. cereus (8% emetic) | Netherlands | [216] |
| Pasta, rice, Asian food, milk products, blackcurrant, honey, parsley | Mainly B. cereus | Belgium | [258] |
| (Boiled) rice | B. cereus (cereulide; 7.4–12.9% of samples) | Belgium | [103] |
| Sunsik (ready-to-eat) | B. cereus (emetic and enteropathogenic) | Korea | [224] |
| Potato | Mainly B. cereus | Finland | [259] |
| Fermented soybean paste, green tea, rice, vegetables | Mainly B. cereus (emetic and enteropathogenic) | Korea | [229] |
| Farinaceous foods, vegetables, fruit, cheese and meat products, sauces, soups, salads | B. cereus (1% of 4300 food samples emetic) | Germany | [106] |
| Fermented soybean products | B. cereus sensu lato (17% emetic) | Korea | [235] |
| 1489 food samples | 0.067% emetic B. cereus | Netherlands | [236] |
| Milk/dairy farms | B. cereus, B. thuringiensis (1% emetic) | China | [125] |
| Fermented soybean food | B. cereus (enteropathogenic and emetic) | Korea | [237] |
| Cooked rice, pasta, infant formula | B. cereus | China | [260] |
| Pasteurized milk | B. cereus (5% emetic) | China | [126] |
| Powdered infant formula (PIF) | B. cereus | Switzerland | [245] |
| Vegetables, army catering | B. cereus (1 emetic strain) | Switzerland | [246] |
| Raw milk, dairy products | B. cereus (2 emetic isolates) | Brazil | [248] |
| Herbs, spices, cereals, pasta, rice, infant formulas, pasteurized milk, cheeses | B. cereus (1.7 and 0.9% emetic) | Poland | [124] |
| Flour products | B. cereus (2 emetic isolates) | Switzerland | [251] |
| Ready-to-eat foods | B. cereus (7% emetic) | China | [129] |
| Vegetables | B. cereus (3% emetic) | China | [128] |
| Milk powder, Ras-cheese | B. cereus (enteropathogenic and emetic) | Egypt | [254] |
| Dairy products | B. cereus (11.1% emetic) | China | [257] |