TABLE 3.

Final predictors (including demographic, clinical signs, and clinicopathologic data) for a diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome after multivariable logistic regression with bootstrap resampling, developed in dogs attending primary‐care veterinary practices in the United Kingdom (cases, n = 398; noncases: n = 541)

Predictor	Category	β‐coefficient	95% Confidence interval	P value (Wald)	Optimism‐adjusted β‐coefficient
Neuter status	Female‐entire	Baseline	—	—	—
	Female‐neutered	−.64	−1.17 to −0.12	.02	−.55
	Male‐entire	−.34	−0.97 to 0.29	.29	−.29
	Male‐neutered	−.60	−1.13 to −0.07	.03	−.52
Age (y)	<7	Baseline	—		—
	7 to <11	.64	0.13‐1.15	.01	.55
	≥11	.58	0.06‐1.09	.03	.50
Polydipsia	Yes	.87	0.55‐1.20	<.001	.75
	No	Baseline	—		—
Vomiting	Yes	−.76	−1.37 to −0.14	.02	−.65
	No	Baseline	—		—
Potbelly	Yes	1.11	0.78‐1.43	<.001	.95
	No	Baseline	—		—
Alopecia	Yes	.94	0.54‐1.33	<.001	.80
	No	Baseline	—		—
Pruritus	Yes	−0.88	−1.56 to −0.20	.01	−.76
	No	Baseline	—		—
Breed	Crossbreed	Baseline	—		—
	Bichon frise	.68	0.01 to 1.35	.05	.58
	Border terrier	.61	−0.26 to 1.48	.17	.52
	Jack Russell terrier	.11	−0.47 to 0.69	.72	.09
	Labrador retriever	−1.37	−2.33 to −0.42	.005	−1.18
	Other purebred	−.04	−0.44 to 0.36	.84	−.04
	Schnauzer	−1.03	−2.06 to 0.01	.05	−.88
	Staffordshire bull terrier	.05	−0.63 to 0.73	.47	.04
	West Highland white terrier	−1.18	−1.91 to −0.45	.001	−1.02
	Yorkshire terrier	.09	−0.70 to 0.88	.82	.08
USG	Dilute	Baseline	—	—	—
	Not dilute	−.85	−1.35 to −0.36	.001	−.73
	Not recorded	−.43	−0.82 to −0.06	.02	−.38
ALKP	Elevated	Baseline	—	—	—
	Not elevated	−1.46	−2.15 to −0.76	<.001	−1.25
	Not recorded	−.16	−0.48 to 0.17	.34	−.13
Constant		−.49	−1.24 to 0.25	.19	−.42

Note: β‐coefficients were multiplied by the optimism‐adjusted calibration‐slope (0.86), estimated through bootstrap resampling to produce optimism‐adjusted coefficients.

Abbreviations: ALKP, alkaline phosphatase; USG, urine specific gravity.