Table 1.
Participant characteristics at baseline and at 12-week follow-up
| Variable | N | M (SD) | % |
|---|---|---|---|
| At baseline (N=277) | |||
| Age (yrs) | 277 | 67.5 (8.9) | |
| Gender | |||
| Female | 193 | 69.7 | |
| Male | 84 | 30.3 | |
| Race/ethnicity | |||
| Non-Hispanic White | 113 | 40.8 | |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 83 | 30.0 | |
| Hispanic | 81 | 29.2 | |
| Living alone | 138 | 49.8 | |
| Education | |||
| <High school | 73 | 26.4 | |
| High school diploma | 45 | 16.2 | |
| Some college/Associate’s degree | 92 | 33.3 | |
| Bachelor’s degree or higher | 67 | 24.2 | |
| Household income | |||
| Up to $15,000 | 150 | 54.2 | |
| $15,001-$25,000 | 73 | 26.4 | |
| $25,001-$35,000 | 32 | 11.6 | |
| $35,001 or higher | 22 | 7.9 | |
| Self-rated financial status | |||
| Cannot make ends meet/Just about manage to get by | 230 | 83.0 | |
| Have enough to get along, even a little extra | 42 | 15.2 | |
| Money is not a problem; can buy anything I want to | 5 | 1.8 | |
| 24-item HAMD score | 277 | 23.0 (5.7) | |
| No. of chronic illnesses | 277 | 3.8 (1.6) | |
| No. of ADL impairment | 277 | 1.9 (1.6) | |
| No. of IADL impairment | 277 | 3.0 (1.4) | |
| Religious coping | 277 | 4.3 (2.0) | |
| Active coping | 277 | 3.2 (1.9) | |
| Emotional support coping | 277 | 2.8 (2.0) | |
| Talked to a clergy about depression | 53 | 19.1 | |
| At 12-week follow-up | |||
| Treatment acceptance1(TEI score; N=169) | 70.5 (8.0) | ||
| BATD (n=84) | 70.1 (8.6) | ||
| PST (n=85) | 70.9 (7.4) | ||
| 24-item HAMD score2 (N=252) | 15.6 (7.6) | ||
| BATD (n=84) | 15.1 (7.7) | ||
| PST (n=85) | 12.6 (6.5) | ||
| Attention control (n=83) | 18.9 (7.2) | ||
M=mean; SD=standard deviation of the mean; HAMD=Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression;
ADL=activities of daily living; IADL=instrumental activities of daily living; TEI=Treatment Evaluation Inventory
1
t-test results for BATD and PST: t-value=−0.677, p=.499
2
ANOVA results (Bonferroni-corrected) for the BATD, PST and attention control groups: F=16.260, df=2, p<.001; BATD=PST (p=.078); BATD <attention control (p=.002); PST<attention control (p <.001)