Table 3.
Accuracy comparison between the automated deep convolutional neural network and dental professionals for the classification of six types of DISs, based on 180 panoramic and periapical images randomly selected from the training dataset.
| Variables | AUC | 95% CI | SE | Youden Index | Sensitivity | Specificity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dentsply Astra OsseoSpeed TX® | ||||||
| Automated DCNN | 0.945 | 0.901–0.973 | 0.023 | 0.766 | 0.933 | 0.833 |
| Board-certified periodontists | 0.896 | 0.877–0.914 | 0.014 | 0.725 | 0.777 | 0.947 |
| Periodontology residents | 0.831 | 0.811–0.850 | 0.015 | 0.517 | 0.570 | 0.946 |
| Residents not specialized in periodontology | 0.777 | 0.758–0.795 | 0.014 | 0.425 | 0.493 | 0.931 |
| Dentium Implantium® | ||||||
| Automated DCNN | 0.908 | 0.856–0.946 | 0.026 | 0.780 | 0.933 | 0.847 |
| Board-certified periodontists | 0.791 | 0.766–0.815 | 0.013 | 0.733 | 0.966 | 0.766 |
| Periodontology residents | 0.806 | 0.785–0.826 | 0.011 | 0.682 | 0.912 | 0.770 |
| Residents not specialized in periodontology | 0.736 | 0.716–0.755 | 0.013 | 0.465 | 0.672 | 0.792 |
| Dentium Superline® | ||||||
| Automated DCNN | 0.903 | 0.850–0.942 | 0.041 | 0.786 | 0.833 | 0.954 |
| Board-certified periodontists | 0.537 | 0.507–0.567 | 0.016 | 0.333 | 0.778 | 0.588 |
| Periodontology residents | 0.534 | 0.508–0.560 | 0.015 | 0.330 | 0.945 | 0.384 |
| Residents not specialized in periodontology | 0.544 | 0.522–0.566 | 0.013 | 0.292 | 0.884 | 0.407 |
| Osstem TSIII® | ||||||
| Automated DCNN | 0.937 | 0.890–0.967 | 0.024 | 0.813 | 0.900 | 0.913 |
| Board-certified periodontists | 0.501 | 0.471–0.532 | 0.018 | 0.298 | 0.911 | 0.387 |
| Periodontology residents | 0.503 | 0.477–0.529 | 0.016 | 0.270 | 0.104 | 0.625 |
| Residents not specialized in periodontology | 0.556 | 0.534–0.578 | 0.014 | 0.215 | 0.821 | 0.394 |
| Straumann SLActive® BL | ||||||
| Automated DCNN | 0.974 | 0.938–0.992 | 0.010 | 0.833 | 0.967 | 0.867 |
| Board-certified periodontists | 0.759 | 0.732–0.784 | 0.015 | 0.661 | 0.888 | 0.772 |
| Periodontology residents | 0.753 | 0.730–0.775 | 0.014 | 0.650 | 0.870 | 0.779 |
| Residents not specialized in periodontology | 0.698 | 0.677–0.718 | 0.012 | 0.507 | 0.781 | 0.726 |
| Straumann SLActive® BLT | ||||||
| Automated DCNN | 0.981 | 0.949–0.996 | 0.009 | 0.880 | 0.900 | 0.980 |
| Board-certified periodontists | 0.968 | 0.955–0.977 | 0.011 | 0.951 | 0.955 | 0.995 |
| Periodontology residents | 0.915 | 0.899–0.929 | 0.014 | 0.851 | 0.866 | 0.985 |
| Residents not specialized in periodontology | 0.915 | 0.902–0.927 | 0.011 | 0.852 | 0.887 | 0.964 |