Exogenous addition of upregulated miRNAs to differentiate MEFs into β-like cells. (A) Pdx1 gene expression in stage 1 cells after individual transfection with the upregulated miRNAs. (B) Assessment of how different miR-127 and miR-709 combinations induce Pdx1 expression in stage 1 cells. (C) Ngn3 transcript levels were identified in stage 1 cells after miR-127 and miR-709 transfection using combination 3. (D) Pancreatic gene expression profile (qRT-PCR) in stage 2 cells transfected with miR-127 and mir-709 (combination 3). (E) qRT-PCR analysis of pancreatic β-cell markers in stage 3 cells transfected with miR-127 and miR-709 (combination 3). * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, and *** p < 0.001. Statistical significance was determined by paired, two-tailed t-testing. The data shown represent the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments. Ins1 = Insulin-1, Ins2 = Insulin 2, and ns = non-significant. Stage 1, and 2 media consisted of basal medium + stage 1, and 2 small molecules. Stage 3 medium comprised of basal medium + stage 3 small molecules, growth factors and supplements.