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. 2020 Nov 19;2020:8893305. doi: 10.1155/2020/8893305

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Copyright © 2020 Qin Cao et al.

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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The regulation of 25-HC in cholesterol metabolism. Transcriptional factor SREBP controls the rate-limiting enzyme HMGCR. When the cholesterol level is low, the SREBP is escorted by SCAP from ER to Golgi body, in which this complex is cleaved by site-1 protease (S1P) and site-2 protease (S2P), and then the SREBP is released. 25-HC retains SREBP in ER via binds to an anchor protein INSIG in ER and suppresses SREBP translocation. Furthermore, 25-HC promotes HMGCR ubiquitylation and proteasomal degradation. 25-HC can also promote the CYP7A1 expression via activating transcriptional factor LXRα.