Table 1.

Descriptions of the depression modules of Tess.

Module name	Treatment modality	Description	Chatbot messages per module, n
Cognitive distortion	Cognitive behavioral therapy	Provides information to identify and challenge irrational or maladaptive thought patterns	56
Self-soothing	Stress management	Education and instruction to use the 5 senses to self-soothe for stress management	33
Body scan	Stress management	Education and encouragement of body scan meditation exercises for stress reduction	33
Depression diet	Psychoeducation	Provides nutrition information such as eating tips and suggestions for increased mental well-being	27
Coping statements	Mindfulness	Guided usage of coping statements to build resilience through actively practicing nonjudgmental evaluations	25
Values	Acceptance and commitment therapy	Education and awareness of personal values to reappraise negative thoughts	21
Self-compassion	Self-compassion therapy	Encourages the use of self-compassion through guided meditation exercises and practice reminders	21
Transtheoretical	Transtheoretical model	Encourages behavior evaluation and intentional behavior change exercises	18
Self-talk	Self-compassion therapy	Encourages the use of self-compassion through positive reinforcements and self-talk	17
Thought journaling	Cognitive behavioral therapy	Education and guided instructions for utilizing thought journaling to track mood over time	17
Radical acceptance	Dialectical behavioral therapy	Education and practice using radical acceptance to build resilience against challenging situations	15
Solution focus	Solution-focused brief therapy	Encourages seeking and expanding social support for increased mental and physical health	13