Fig. 1. Schematic illustrating how we reprogram T cells in situ to express disease-specific CARs or TCRs using IVT mRNA carried by polymeric nanoparticles.

These particles are coated with ligands that target them to cytotoxic T cells, so once they are infused into the patient’s circulation they can transfer the transgenes they carry into the lymphocytes and transiently program the cells to express the disease-specific CARs or TCRs on their surfaces.