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. 2020 Nov 27;11(11):1016. doi: 10.1038/s41419-020-03222-1

Fig. 4. HMPL-013 alleviates CNV-induced macrophage M1 polarization.

Fig. 4

The mice were randomly divided into four groups: normal, CNV 7 d, CNV 7 d + DMSO, and CNV 7 d + HMPL-013. a Immunostaining of NOS2 (M1-type macrophage marker, red), IB4 (green), and DAPI (blue) on choroidal flat mounts. b Immunostaining of Arg1 (M2-type macrophage marker, red), IB4 (green), and DAPI (blue) on choroidal flat mounts. c The immunofluorescence of DAPI (blue), F4/80 (red), and IB4 (green) was shown. ELISA was done to detect pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-6 (d), TNF-α (e), and RANTES (f) in retina–RPE–choroid complex tissues. ***P < 0.005 vs. normal group; ###P < 0.005, ##P < 0.01 vs. CNV 7 d group in ce. n = 10 in each group.