Table 3.
Risk of bias assessment randomised clinical trials.
| Selection bias |
Performance bias |
Detection bias |
Attrition bias |
Reporting bias |
Overall assessment | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Study | Random sequence generation | Allocation concealment | Blinding of participants and researchers | Blinding of outcome assessment | Incomplete outcome data | Selective reporting | Other bias* | |
| Sögaard (2010)[47] | Low risk of bias | Low risk of bias | Low risk of bias | Low risk of bias | Low risk of bias | Low risk of bias | Unclear risk | Good quality |
| Crum-Cianflone (2010)[48] | Unclear risk of bias | Unclear risk of bias | Low risk of bias | Low risk of bias | Unclear risk of bias | High risk of bias | Low risk | Poor quality |
| Rodriguez-Barradas (2015)[49] | Low risk of bias | Low risk of bias | Low risk of bias | Low risk of bias | Low risk of bias | High risk of bias | Low risk | Fair quality |
| Deloria-Knoll (2006)[50] | Low risk of bias | Low risk of bias | Low risk of bias | Low risk of bias | Low risk of bias | Low risk of bias | Unclear risk | Good quality |
| Feikin (2001)[51] | Unclear risk of bias | Unclear risk of bias | Low risk of bias | Low risk of bias | High risk of bias | Unlcear risk of bias | Unclear risk | Poor quality |
| Ho (2013) [52] | Low risk of bias | Unclear risk of bias | Low risk of bias | Low risk of bias | Unclear risk of bias | Low risk of bias | Low risk | Fair quality |
| Lesprit (2007)[53] | Low risk of bias | Low risk of bias | Low risk of bias | Low risk of bias | Low risk of bias | High risk of bias | Unclear risk | Poor quality |
| Peñaranda (2010)[54] | Unclear risk of bias | Unclear risk of bias | Low risk of bias | Low risk of bias | Low risk of bias | High risk of bias | Low risk | Poor quality |
| Sadlier (2016)[55] | Low risk of bias | Unclear risk of bias | Low risk of bias | Low risk of bias | Unclear risk of bias | Unlcear risk of bias | Unclear risk | Poor quality |
| Slayter (2013)[14] | Unclear risk of bias | Unclear risk of bias | Low risk of bias | Low risk of bias | Low risk of bias | Low risk of bias | Unclear risk | Fair quality |
| Tasker (2002)[57] | Low risk of bias | Low risk of bias | Low risk of bias | Low risk of bias | Low risk of bias | Unlcear risk of bias | High risk | Poor quality |
| NCT02717494 (2020)[56] | Unclear risk of bias | Unclear risk of bias | Low risk of bias | Low risk of bias | Low risk of bias | Low risk of bias | Unclear risk | Fair quality |
⁎
Unclear if important information on analysis, patient population or results was not available in manuscript; high risk if the statistical analysis may have introduced bias.