Table 4.
Color parameters of Atlantic horse mackerel burgers coated with different film formulations (control without coating film, chitosan, sea fennel plant (SFP) incorporated in a chitosan-based film and sea fennel extract (SFE) incorporated in a chitosan-based film) and stored at 4 °C for 12 days.
| L* | ||||
| Treatment/Storage | 0 | 4 | 8 | 12 |
| Control | A 45.35 ± 3.72 c | AB 48.43 ± 4.28 c | A 45.44 ± 4.44 c | B 49.53 ± 2.27 d |
| Chitosan | A 44.50 ± 2.48 c | AB 45.88 ± 2.74 c | AB 46.29 ± 2.55 c | B 46.99 ± 1.82 c |
| SFP | A 31.52 ± 5.28 a | A 32.60 ± 4.32 a | A 33.40 ± 2.80 a | A 31.83 ± 1.83 a |
| SFE | A 35.18 ± 2.86 b | AB 36.88 ± 2.83 b | BC 38.91 ± 2.93 b | C 39.77 ± 2.44 b |
| a* | ||||
| Treatment/Storage | 0 | 4 | 8 | 12 |
| Control | D 0.80 ± 0.04 b | A −0.32 ± 0.01 a | C 0.00 ± 0.00 b | B −0.17 ± 0.00 a |
| Chitosan | B 0.38 ± 0.06 a | A −0.69 ± 0.31 a | A −0.63 ± 0.44 a | A −0.38 ± 0.29 a |
| SFP | B 0.99 ± 0.14 b | A 0.64 ± 0.11 b | AB 0.84 ± 0.11 c | C 1.32 ± 0.04 b |
| SFE | A 2.63 ± 0.70 c | A 1.68 ± 0.66 c | A 2.54 ± 0.67 d | A 2.70 ± 0.50 c |
| b* | ||||
| Treatment/Storage | 0 | 4 | 8 | 12 |
| Control | A 7.68 ± 0.50 a | A 8.25 ± 0.62 a | A 7.14 ± 0.48 a | A 8.39 ± 0.54 a |
| Chitosan | A 8.42 ± 0.60 a | A 8.90 ± 0.70 a | B 10.44 ± 0.60 c | B 10.89 ± 0.54 b |
| SFP | B 10.95 ± 0.12 b | AB 9.57 ± 0.11 a | B 8.86 ± 0.10 b | B 8.86 ± 0.10 a |
| SFE | A 13.02 ± 0.16 c | A 13.71 ± 0.14 b | A 14.95 ± 0.14 d | A 14.06 ± 0.90 c |
| Hue | ||||
| Treatment/Storage | 0 | 4 | 8 | 12 |
| Control | D 1.45 ± 0.09 b | A −1.49 ± 0.02 a | C 0.02 ± 0.00 a | B −0.92 ± 0.04 a |
| Chitosan | C 1.51 ± 0.04 b | A −1.49 ± 0.05 a | A −1.50 ± 0.02 a | B −0.90 ± 0.01 a |
| SFP | A 1.23 ± 0.04 a | B 1.50 ± 0.03 b | B 1.47 ± 0.04 b | B 1.42 ± 0.02 b |
| SFE | A 1.36 ± 0.05 b | A 1.44 ± 0.05 b | A 1.40 ± 0.03 b | A 1.38 ± 0.01 a |
| Chroma | ||||
| Treatment/Storage | 0 | 4 | 8 | 12 |
| Control | A 7.80 ± 1.04 a | A 8.27 ± 0.30 a | A 7.15 ± 0.36 a | A 8.42 ± 0.76 a |
| Chitosan | A 8.29 ± 0.46 a | A 8.92 ± 0.62 a | B 10.46 ± 0.26 b | B 10.90 ± 0.48 b |
| SFP | B 11.00 ± 0.47 b | A 9.60 ± 0.48 a | B 8.90 ± 0.62 a | B 8.97 ± 0.11 a |
| SFE | A 13.29 ± 2.55 b | A 13.83 ± 0.13 b | A 15.17 ± 0.59 c | B 14.32 ± 0.08 c |
Values (mean ± standard deviation, n = 3) followed by a different uppercase letter in the same row are significantly different (p < 0.05). Values (mean ± standard deviation, n = 3) followed by a different lowercase letter in the same column are significantly different (p < 0.05).